Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    2 I don't get it.
    7 He's known her for years.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    14 We had the house built.
    6 It made him angry.
    8 He's to come too.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    3 It's getting worse.
    1 How've you been?
    11 I'll do my best.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    16 I'll do it asap.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • f which made him angry.
    • g until they came back.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    4 He's speak to her.
    1 Where be you last night?
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    9 He drank five beers.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    2 I've a big mistake.
    15 it sense to you?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    1 Have you your homework?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    8 I need to a phone call.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    14 He it to her angry.
    6 We can't without their help.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    2 We'll meet the airport.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    1
    8
    5
    7
    4
    10
    3
    6
    2

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • e He's employed.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • g I'm crazy about her.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    4 Co se děje?
    1 Máte pravdu.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...