Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    11 I'll do my best.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    3 It's getting worse.
    1 How've you been?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    6 It made him angry.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    7 He's known her for years.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    14 We had the house built.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    8 He's to come too.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    2 I don't get it.
    4 They differ in many ways.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • f which made him angry.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • a for about two years now.
    • g until they came back.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • h although she shouldn't know.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    6 She was hit by a car.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    4 He's speak to her.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    1 Where be you last night?
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    9 He drank five beers.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    15 it sense to you?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    1 Have you your homework?
    14 He it to her angry.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    6 We can't without their help.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    8
    10
    4
    5
    3
    1
    2
    7
    9

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • h He was born there.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    10 Čti dál. on reading.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    4 Co se děje?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...