Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    2 I don't get it.
    1 How've you been?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    6 It made him angry.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    14 We had the house built.
    7 He's known her for years.
    8 He's to come too.
    11 I'll do my best.
    3 It's getting worse.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • a for about two years now.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.
    • b what happened to her.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    1 Where be you last night?
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    4 He's speak to her.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    14 He it to her angry.
    6 We can't without their help.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    1 Have you your homework?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    15 it sense to you?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    10
    2
    7
    9
    5
    4
    6
    8
    1
    3

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    4 Co se děje?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...