Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    14 We had the house built.
    1 How've you been?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    2 I don't get it.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    8 He's to come too.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    6 It made him angry.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    11 I'll do my best.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    7 He's known her for years.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    3 It's getting worse.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • f Vymyslel si to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • g until they came back.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • a for about two years now.
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    4 He's speak to her.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    1 Where be you last night?

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    9 He drank five beers.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    6 We can't without their help.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    1 Have you your homework?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    14 He it to her angry.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    15 it sense to you?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    1
    5
    8
    4
    2
    3
    7
    6
    10
    9

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • h He was born there.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    1 Máte pravdu.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    4 Co se děje?
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...