Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Can you give me a lift?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    8 He's to come too.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    14 We had the house built.
    3 It's getting worse.
    7 He's known her for years.
    1 How've you been?
    2 I don't get it.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    11 I'll do my best.
    6 It made him angry.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    4 He's speak to her.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    1 Where be you last night?
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    9 He drank five beers.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    8 I need to a phone call.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her angry.
    6 We can't without their help.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    1 Have you your homework?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    15 it sense to you?
    13 This dress me look fat.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    2 We'll meet the airport.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    7
    2
    3
    6
    9
    10
    8
    1
    5
    4

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • c I've eaten.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    6 Postarám se o to.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    4 Co se děje?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...