Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    15 Have you done it yet?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    14 We had the house built.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    8 He's to come too.
    6 It made him angry.
    11 I'll do my best.
    7 He's known her for years.
    2 I don't get it.
    3 It's getting worse.
    1 How've you been?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    16 I'll do it asap.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • a for about two years now.
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • g until they came back.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    1 Where be you last night?
    4 He's speak to her.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    11 He a lot of money last year.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    15 it sense to you?
    14 He it to her angry.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    1 Have you your homework?
    6 We can't without their help.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 She used to work a teacher.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    10
    9
    6
    2
    1
    8
    5
    7
    3
    4

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • c I've eaten.
    • e He's employed.
    • h He was born there.
    • b I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    4 Co se děje?
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    1 Máte pravdu.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    2 Mám zpoždění.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...