Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    3 It's getting worse.
    1 How've you been?
    11 I'll do my best.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    7 He's known her for years.
    8 He's to come too.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    6 It made him angry.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    14 We had the house built.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    2 I don't get it.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • g until they came back.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    3 I've bring some wine.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    4 He's speak to her.
    1 Where be you last night?
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    9 He drank five beers.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    15 it sense to you?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    1 Have you your homework?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    6 We can't without their help.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    14 He it to her angry.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    8
    1
    4
    2
    10
    3
    5
    6
    7

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • e He's employed.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    4 Co se děje?
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...