Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    11 I'll do my best.
    1 How've you been?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    6 It made him angry.
    2 I don't get it.
    3 It's getting worse.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    8 He's to come too.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    14 We had the house built.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    7 He's known her for years.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    10 Can you give me a lift?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • f Vymyslel si to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.
    • a for about two years now.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • g until they came back.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    3 I've bring some wine.
    4 He's speak to her.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    1 Where be you last night?

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    9 He drank five beers.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    14 He it to her angry.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    15 it sense to you?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    6 We can't without their help.
    1 Have you your homework?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    2
    3
    7
    8
    5
    4
    1
    9
    10

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • b I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    4 Co se děje?
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    1 Máte pravdu.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...