Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    11 I'll do my best.
    1 How've you been?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    3 It's getting worse.
    8 He's to come too.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    6 It made him angry.
    2 I don't get it.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    7 He's known her for years.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    14 We had the house built.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    4 They differ in many ways.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • f Vymyslel si to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • a for about two years now.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    1 Where be you last night?
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    4 He's speak to her.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    15 it sense to you?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    14 He it to her angry.
    1 Have you your homework?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    6 We can't without their help.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    2 I've a big mistake.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    8
    9
    6
    5
    3
    2
    7
    10
    4
    1

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • h He was born there.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    13 To nevadí.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    4 Co se děje?
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...