Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    2 I don't get it.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    14 We had the house built.
    7 He's known her for years.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    3 It's getting worse.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    8 He's to come too.
    6 It made him angry.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    11 I'll do my best.
    1 How've you been?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • g until they came back.
    • a for about two years now.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    6 She was hit by a car.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    1 Where be you last night?
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    4 He's speak to her.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    9 He drank five beers.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    15 it sense to you?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    1 Have you your homework?
    6 We can't without their help.
    14 He it to her angry.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    10
    5
    6
    1
    8
    9
    7
    2
    3
    4

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • b I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    4 Co se děje?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...