Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    2 I don't get it.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    1 How've you been?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    3 It's getting worse.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    8 He's to come too.
    14 We had the house built.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    7 He's known her for years.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    11 I'll do my best.
    6 It made him angry.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • b what happened to her.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • f which made him angry.
    • g until they came back.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    1 Where be you last night?
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    4 He's speak to her.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    9 He drank five beers.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    6 We can't without their help.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    8 I need to a phone call.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    15 it sense to you?
    14 He it to her angry.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    1 Have you your homework?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    4
    3
    2
    8
    7
    10
    1
    9
    6
    5

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • c I've eaten.
    • g I'm crazy about her.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    1 Máte pravdu.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    4 Co se děje?
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...