Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    13 Have we met (before)?
    2 I don't get it.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    8 He's to come too.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    6 It made him angry.
    7 He's known her for years.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    11 I'll do my best.
    14 We had the house built.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    3 It's getting worse.
    1 How've you been?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    9 What was I supposed to do?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • b Doženu vás.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • b what happened to her.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • a for about two years now.
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • h although she shouldn't know.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    6 She was hit by a car.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    1 Where be you last night?
    3 I've bring some wine.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    9 He drank five beers.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    1 Have you your homework?
    15 it sense to you?
    14 He it to her angry.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    6 We can't without their help.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    8 I need to a phone call.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    10
    1
    3
    6
    5
    4
    2
    7
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    4 Co se děje?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...