Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    8 He's to come too.
    11 I'll do my best.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    6 It made him angry.
    3 It's getting worse.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    14 We had the house built.
    1 How've you been?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    7 He's known her for years.
    2 I don't get it.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • g until they came back.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    3 I've bring some wine.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    1 Where be you last night?
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    4 He's speak to her.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He drank five beers.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    6 We can't without their help.
    1 Have you your homework?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    14 He it to her angry.
    15 it sense to you?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    3
    7
    9
    4
    5
    2
    1
    10
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.
    • g I'm crazy about her.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    4 Co se děje?
    1 Máte pravdu.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    2 Mám zpoždění.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...