Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    5 He has no sense of humour.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    14 We had the house built.
    1 How've you been?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    3 It's getting worse.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    7 He's known her for years.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    6 It made him angry.
    11 I'll do my best.
    2 I don't get it.
    8 He's to come too.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    4 He's speak to her.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    1 Where be you last night?
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    6 She was hit by a car.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    9 He drank five beers.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    11 He a lot of money last year.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    14 He it to her angry.
    6 We can't without their help.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    1 Have you your homework?
    15 it sense to you?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    13 This dress me look fat.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    10
    5
    3
    7
    1
    2
    6
    9
    4
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • h He was born there.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    1 Máte pravdu.
    4 Co se děje?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...