Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    1 How've you been?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    6 It made him angry.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    3 It's getting worse.
    14 We had the house built.
    11 I'll do my best.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    2 I don't get it.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    8 He's to come too.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    7 He's known her for years.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • a for about two years now.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • f which made him angry.
    • g until they came back.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    4 He's speak to her.
    1 Where be you last night?
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    9 He drank five beers.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    6 We can't without their help.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    15 it sense to you?
    1 Have you your homework?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    14 He it to her angry.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    3 Stop fun of me!

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    2 We'll meet the airport.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    4
    6
    1
    5
    3
    10
    7
    9
    2
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • e He's employed.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    4 Co se děje?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...