Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    9 What was I supposed to do?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    8 He's to come too.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    11 I'll do my best.
    7 He's known her for years.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    6 It made him angry.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    2 I don't get it.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    14 We had the house built.
    1 How've you been?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    3 It's getting worse.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • f which made him angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    4 He's speak to her.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    1 Where be you last night?
    6 She was hit by a car.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    9 He drank five beers.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    8 I need to a phone call.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    6 We can't without their help.
    15 it sense to you?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    1 Have you your homework?
    14 He it to her angry.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    7
    3
    9
    2
    8
    5
    4
    6
    10
    1

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • h He was born there.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Už odešli.
    already
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    6 Postarám se o to.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    1 Máte pravdu.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    4 Co se děje?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...