Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    3 It's getting worse.
    8 He's to come too.
    1 How've you been?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    2 I don't get it.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    14 We had the house built.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    7 He's known her for years.
    11 I'll do my best.
    6 It made him angry.
    5 He has no sense of humour.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • a for about two years now.
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • g until they came back.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • c but he sold it soon after.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    4 He's speak to her.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    1 Where be you last night?

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    9 He drank five beers.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    6 We can't without their help.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    14 He it to her angry.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    1 Have you your homework?
    15 it sense to you?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    8
    9
    4
    1
    6
    3
    7
    2
    10
    5

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • d I'm an only child.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    4 Co se děje?
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...