Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    13 Have we met (before)?
    7 He's known her for years.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    14 We had the house built.
    11 I'll do my best.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    6 It made him angry.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    8 He's to come too.
    1 How've you been?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    3 It's getting worse.
    2 I don't get it.
    10 Can you give me a lift?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • f which made him angry.
    • g until they came back.
    • b what happened to her.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    6 She was hit by a car.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    1 Where be you last night?
    4 He's speak to her.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    9 He drank five beers.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    6 We can't without their help.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    14 He it to her angry.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    1 Have you your homework?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    15 it sense to you?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    3 Stop fun of me!

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 She used to work a teacher.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    3
    6
    10
    5
    1
    8
    4
    9
    7

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • e He's employed.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • h He was born there.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • c I've eaten.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    4 Co se děje?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    6 Postarám se o to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...