Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    8 He's to come too.
    3 It's getting worse.
    1 How've you been?
    14 We had the house built.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    11 I'll do my best.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    6 It made him angry.
    7 He's known her for years.
    2 I don't get it.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    10 Can you give me a lift?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • g until they came back.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • a for about two years now.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • b what happened to her.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    1 Where be you last night?
    4 He's speak to her.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He drank five beers.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    6 We can't without their help.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    8 I need to a phone call.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    14 He it to her angry.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    1 Have you your homework?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    15 it sense to you?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    1
    8
    5
    10
    4
    3
    2
    9
    6
    7

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    2 Mám zpoždění.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    4 Co se děje?
    6 Postarám se o to.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...