Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    14 We had the house built.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    11 I'll do my best.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    1 How've you been?
    7 He's known her for years.
    6 It made him angry.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    8 He's to come too.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    2 I don't get it.
    3 It's getting worse.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.
    • a for about two years now.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • b what happened to her.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    6 She was hit by a car.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    4 He's speak to her.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    3 I've bring some wine.
    1 Where be you last night?

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    6 We can't without their help.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her angry.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    1 Have you your homework?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    15 it sense to you?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    2 We'll meet the airport.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    3
    5
    7
    6
    2
    1
    4
    10
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • c I've eaten.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • h He was born there.
    • d I'm an only child.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    4 Co se děje?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...