Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    8 He's to come too.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    7 He's known her for years.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    2 I don't get it.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    11 I'll do my best.
    3 It's getting worse.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    14 We had the house built.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    6 It made him angry.
    1 How've you been?
    15 Have you done it yet?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • g until they came back.
    • b what happened to her.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    6 She was hit by a car.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    4 He's speak to her.
    1 Where be you last night?
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    13 This dress me look fat.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    1 Have you your homework?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    14 He it to her angry.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    15 it sense to you?
    6 We can't without their help.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    1
    10
    9
    6
    3
    4
    2
    8
    5
    7

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    13 Nechám to na vás.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    1 Máte pravdu.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    4 Co se děje?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    6 Postarám se o to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...