Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    5 He has no sense of humour.
    1 How've you been?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    2 I don't get it.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    14 We had the house built.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    3 It's getting worse.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    6 It made him angry.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    8 He's to come too.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    11 I'll do my best.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    7 He's known her for years.
    19 I was fined for speeding.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • f Vymyslel si to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • a for about two years now.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • f which made him angry.
    • g until they came back.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    6 She was hit by a car.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    1 Where be you last night?
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He drank five beers.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    1 Have you your homework?
    14 He it to her angry.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    6 We can't without their help.
    15 it sense to you?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    8 I need to a phone call.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    10
    5
    8
    3
    4
    6
    1
    2
    9
    7

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • c I've eaten.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • e He's employed.
    • h He was born there.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • b I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    2 Mám zpoždění.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    4 Co se děje?
    6 Postarám se o to.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...