Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    1 How've you been?
    8 He's to come too.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    7 He's known her for years.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    6 It made him angry.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    11 I'll do my best.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    14 We had the house built.
    3 It's getting worse.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    2 I don't get it.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    13 Have we met (before)?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • f which made him angry.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    1 Where be you last night?
    4 He's speak to her.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    9 He drank five beers.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    13 This dress me look fat.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    14 He it to her angry.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    15 it sense to you?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    1 Have you your homework?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    6 We can't without their help.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 She used to work a teacher.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    10
    1
    2
    5
    3
    6
    4
    8
    7
    9

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.
    • b I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    4 Co se děje?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    10 Nemusíte platit.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...