Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    6 It made him angry.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    2 I don't get it.
    7 He's known her for years.
    3 It's getting worse.
    11 I'll do my best.
    8 He's to come too.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    1 How've you been?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    14 We had the house built.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    13 Have we met (before)?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • f Vymyslel si to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • f which made him angry.
    • g until they came back.
    • a for about two years now.
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • c but he sold it soon after.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    4 He's speak to her.
    1 Where be you last night?
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    11 He a lot of money last year.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    6 We can't without their help.
    15 it sense to you?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    14 He it to her angry.
    1 Have you your homework?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    8 I need to a phone call.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    6
    10
    5
    1
    9
    7
    4
    3
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    4 Co se děje?
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    6 Postarám se o to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...