Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    2 I don't get it.
    14 We had the house built.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    8 He's to come too.
    3 It's getting worse.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    1 How've you been?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    11 I'll do my best.
    6 It made him angry.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    7 He's known her for years.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • f which made him angry.
    • g until they came back.
    • a for about two years now.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    4 He's speak to her.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    1 Where be you last night?
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    14 He it to her angry.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    1 Have you your homework?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    15 it sense to you?
    6 We can't without their help.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    13 This dress me look fat.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    3
    8
    5
    2
    4
    10
    1
    7
    9

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    4 Co se děje?
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    20 Hodně štěstí!

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...