Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    11 I'll do my best.
    14 We had the house built.
    2 I don't get it.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    1 How've you been?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    3 It's getting worse.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    7 He's known her for years.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    6 It made him angry.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    8 He's to come too.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • f Vymyslel si to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • b what happened to her.
    • a for about two years now.
    • f which made him angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    3 I've bring some wine.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    1 Where be you last night?
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    2 I've a big mistake.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    1 Have you your homework?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    6 We can't without their help.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    14 He it to her angry.
    15 it sense to you?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    3
    7
    5
    1
    2
    8
    9
    10
    4

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • h He was born there.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    4 Co se děje?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...