Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    4 They differ in many ways.
    1 How've you been?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    2 I don't get it.
    6 It made him angry.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    8 He's to come too.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    14 We had the house built.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    11 I'll do my best.
    7 He's known her for years.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    3 It's getting worse.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • a for about two years now.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • f which made him angry.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • c but he sold it soon after.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    4 He's speak to her.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    1 Where be you last night?
    6 She was hit by a car.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    1 Have you your homework?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    15 it sense to you?
    6 We can't without their help.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    14 He it to her angry.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    1
    6
    3
    8
    9
    7
    10
    5
    4

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    2 Mám zpoždění.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    4 Co se děje?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    6 Postarám se o to.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...