Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    13 Have we met (before)?
    6 It made him angry.
    8 He's to come too.
    2 I don't get it.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    1 How've you been?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    3 It's getting worse.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    7 He's known her for years.
    14 We had the house built.
    11 I'll do my best.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • f which made him angry.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • a for about two years now.
    • b what happened to her.
    • g until they came back.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    1 Where be you last night?
    3 I've bring some wine.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    4 He's speak to her.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    9 He drank five beers.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    11 He a lot of money last year.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    1 Have you your homework?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    15 it sense to you?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    6 We can't without their help.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her angry.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 She used to work a teacher.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    6
    7
    5
    1
    4
    3
    10
    8
    2

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    6 Postarám se o to.
    4 Co se děje?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    10 Nemusíte platit.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...