Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    4 They differ in many ways.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    8 He's to come too.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    1 How've you been?
    3 It's getting worse.
    11 I'll do my best.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    7 He's known her for years.
    6 It made him angry.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    14 We had the house built.
    2 I don't get it.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    10 Can you give me a lift?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • a for about two years now.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    1 Where be you last night?
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    4 He's speak to her.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    15 it sense to you?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    1 Have you your homework?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    6 We can't without their help.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    14 He it to her angry.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 She used to work a teacher.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    10
    6
    1
    2
    5
    9
    8
    4
    7
    3

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • c I've eaten.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    6 Postarám se o to.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    4 Co se děje?
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...