Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    3 It's getting worse.
    8 He's to come too.
    2 I don't get it.
    11 I'll do my best.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    7 He's known her for years.
    1 How've you been?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    14 We had the house built.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    6 It made him angry.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • g until they came back.
    • b what happened to her.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • f which made him angry.
    • a for about two years now.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    1 Where be you last night?
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    3 I've bring some wine.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    1 Have you your homework?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her angry.
    15 it sense to you?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    6 We can't without their help.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    10
    2
    5
    4
    8
    1
    3
    7
    6

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • e He's employed.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • h He was born there.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    1 Máte pravdu.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    4 Co se děje?
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...