Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    13 Have we met (before)?
    3 It's getting worse.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    2 I don't get it.
    8 He's to come too.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    11 I'll do my best.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    14 We had the house built.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    6 It made him angry.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    7 He's known her for years.
    1 How've you been?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • a for about two years now.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • b what happened to her.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    4 He's speak to her.
    1 Where be you last night?
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    9 He drank five beers.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    1 Have you your homework?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    15 it sense to you?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    13 This dress me look fat.
    14 He it to her angry.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    6 We can't without their help.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    4
    9
    2
    8
    1
    3
    10
    7
    6
    5

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • h He was born there.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • e He's employed.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    13 To nevadí.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    2 Mám zpoždění.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    4 Co se děje?
    6 Postarám se o to.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    1 Máte pravdu.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...