Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    6 It made him angry.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    8 He's to come too.
    7 He's known her for years.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    1 How've you been?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    2 I don't get it.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    14 We had the house built.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    3 It's getting worse.
    11 I'll do my best.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    10 Can you give me a lift?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • g until they came back.
    • a for about two years now.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    3 I've bring some wine.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    1 Where be you last night?

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    9 He drank five beers.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    14 He it to her angry.
    15 it sense to you?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    1 Have you your homework?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    2 I've a big mistake.
    6 We can't without their help.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    5
    4
    8
    6
    1
    3
    10
    7
    2
    9

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • b I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Už odešli.
    already
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    2 Mám zpoždění.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    4 Co se děje?
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...