Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    9 What was I supposed to do?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    2 I don't get it.
    6 It made him angry.
    7 He's known her for years.
    1 How've you been?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    8 He's to come too.
    14 We had the house built.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    11 I'll do my best.
    3 It's getting worse.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    13 Have we met (before)?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    3 I've bring some wine.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    1 Where be you last night?
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    4 He's speak to her.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He drank five beers.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    3 Stop fun of me!
    6 We can't without their help.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    1 Have you your homework?
    15 it sense to you?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    14 He it to her angry.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    2 We'll meet the airport.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    9
    8
    10
    3
    6
    5
    7
    4
    1

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Už odešli.
    already
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    4 Co se děje?
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...