Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    7 He's known her for years.
    3 It's getting worse.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    8 He's to come too.
    11 I'll do my best.
    14 We had the house built.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    6 It made him angry.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    1 How've you been?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    2 I don't get it.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • a for about two years now.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • g until they came back.
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    6 She was hit by a car.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    1 Where be you last night?
    3 I've bring some wine.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    9 He drank five beers.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    14 He it to her angry.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    8 I need to a phone call.
    15 it sense to you?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    6 We can't without their help.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    1 Have you your homework?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    7
    9
    4
    8
    5
    3
    1
    2
    10

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • d I'm an only child.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    6 Postarám se o to.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    4 Co se děje?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...