Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    13 Have we met (before)?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    11 I'll do my best.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    8 He's to come too.
    3 It's getting worse.
    1 How've you been?
    7 He's known her for years.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    14 We had the house built.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    2 I don't get it.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    6 It made him angry.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • b what happened to her.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • f which made him angry.
    • a for about two years now.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    4 He's speak to her.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    6 She was hit by a car.
    1 Where be you last night?
    3 I've bring some wine.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    9 He drank five beers.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    14 He it to her angry.
    6 We can't without their help.
    1 Have you your homework?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    15 it sense to you?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    5
    9
    7
    4
    3
    8
    2
    6
    1
    10

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • h He was born there.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    6 Postarám se o to.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    4 Co se děje?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    12 Ještě nepřišel.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...