Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    7 He's known her for years.
    6 It made him angry.
    1 How've you been?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    11 I'll do my best.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    8 He's to come too.
    3 It's getting worse.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    14 We had the house built.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    2 I don't get it.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    15 Have you done it yet?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.
    • b what happened to her.
    • g until they came back.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    1 Where be you last night?

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    9 He drank five beers.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    15 it sense to you?
    1 Have you your homework?
    14 He it to her angry.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    6 We can't without their help.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    13 This dress me look fat.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    2 We'll meet the airport.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    10
    9
    8
    4
    2
    6
    5
    3
    1
    7

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Už odešli.
    already
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    6 Postarám se o to.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    4 Co se děje?
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...