Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    8 He's to come too.
    11 I'll do my best.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    3 It's getting worse.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    14 We had the house built.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    1 How've you been?
    7 He's known her for years.
    2 I don't get it.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    6 It made him angry.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • f which made him angry.
    • g until they came back.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • a for about two years now.
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    1 Where be you last night?
    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    4 He's speak to her.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    6 She was hit by a car.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    11 He a lot of money last year.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her angry.
    1 Have you your homework?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    15 it sense to you?
    6 We can't without their help.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    3 Stop fun of me!

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    1
    6
    3
    5
    9
    8
    4
    10
    7
    2

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • h He was born there.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    4 Co se děje?
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...