Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    19 I was fined for speeding.
    7 He's known her for years.
    1 How've you been?
    3 It's getting worse.
    11 I'll do my best.
    6 It made him angry.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    2 I don't get it.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    8 He's to come too.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    14 We had the house built.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    5 He has no sense of humour.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • a for about two years now.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • f which made him angry.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    1 Where be you last night?
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    4 He's speak to her.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    9 He drank five beers.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    14 He it to her angry.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    1 Have you your homework?
    6 We can't without their help.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    15 it sense to you?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 She used to work a teacher.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    1
    3
    5
    4
    8
    9
    7
    2
    10

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    4 Co se děje?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...