Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Can you give me a lift?
    2 I don't get it.
    6 It made him angry.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    3 It's getting worse.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    14 We had the house built.
    11 I'll do my best.
    1 How've you been?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    7 He's known her for years.
    8 He's to come too.
    9 What was I supposed to do?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • f Vymyslel si to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • a for about two years now.
    • g until they came back.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • f which made him angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    1 Where be you last night?
    3 I've bring some wine.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    4 He's speak to her.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    6 She was hit by a car.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    6 We can't without their help.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    14 He it to her angry.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    15 it sense to you?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    1 Have you your homework?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    2 We'll meet the airport.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    8
    6
    4
    2
    9
    10
    7
    5
    3
    1

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • h He was born there.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.
    • e He's employed.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    4 Co se děje?
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    1 Máte pravdu.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    13 Nechám to na vás.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...