Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    5 He has no sense of humour.
    3 It's getting worse.
    14 We had the house built.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    11 I'll do my best.
    8 He's to come too.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    7 He's known her for years.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    1 How've you been?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    6 It made him angry.
    2 I don't get it.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • a for about two years now.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • b what happened to her.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    1 Where be you last night?
    4 He's speak to her.
    6 She was hit by a car.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    14 He it to her angry.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    6 We can't without their help.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    15 it sense to you?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    1 Have you your homework?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    8 I need to a phone call.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    8 She used to work a teacher.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    3
    1
    2
    5
    4
    10
    6
    7
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • e He's employed.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    4 Co se děje?
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    1 Máte pravdu.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...