Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    2 I don't get it.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    11 I'll do my best.
    6 It made him angry.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    7 He's known her for years.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    3 It's getting worse.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    1 How've you been?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    8 He's to come too.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    14 We had the house built.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • a Chybí mu.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • a for about two years now.
    • g until they came back.
    • c but he sold it soon after.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    1 Where be you last night?
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    4 He's speak to her.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He drank five beers.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    6 We can't without their help.
    15 it sense to you?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    1 Have you your homework?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    14 He it to her angry.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    2 I've a big mistake.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    7
    4
    8
    3
    1
    6
    9
    5
    10

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    4 Už odešli.
    already

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    4 Co se děje?
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    6 Postarám se o to.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...