Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    1 How've you been?
    7 He's known her for years.
    11 I'll do my best.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    14 We had the house built.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    2 I don't get it.
    3 It's getting worse.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    6 It made him angry.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    8 He's to come too.
    19 I was fined for speeding.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • a for about two years now.
    • c but he sold it soon after.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    1 Where be you last night?
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    9 He drank five beers.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    2 I've a big mistake.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    1 Have you your homework?
    15 it sense to you?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    6 We can't without their help.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    14 He it to her angry.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    7
    3
    4
    1
    6
    9
    5
    2
    10
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.
    • a He's seriously ill.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    1 Máte pravdu.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    4 Co se děje?
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...