Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    4 They differ in many ways.
    14 We had the house built.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    8 He's to come too.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    6 It made him angry.
    3 It's getting worse.
    7 He's known her for years.
    1 How've you been?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    2 I don't get it.
    11 I'll do my best.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    9 What was I supposed to do?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.
    • a for about two years now.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    4 He's speak to her.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    1 Where be you last night?
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    3 I've bring some wine.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    9 He drank five beers.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    1 Have you your homework?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    6 We can't without their help.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    15 it sense to you?
    14 He it to her angry.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    3 Stop fun of me!

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    1
    7
    6
    8
    10
    9
    5
    4
    3

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • h He was born there.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.
    • b I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    4 Co se děje?
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    20 Hodně štěstí!

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...