Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    15 Have you done it yet?
    2 I don't get it.
    1 How've you been?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    7 He's known her for years.
    11 I'll do my best.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    8 He's to come too.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    6 It made him angry.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    14 We had the house built.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    3 It's getting worse.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    5 He has no sense of humour.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • f which made him angry.
    • a for about two years now.
    • g until they came back.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    1 Where be you last night?
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    4 He's speak to her.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    9 He drank five beers.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    14 He it to her angry.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    15 it sense to you?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    6 We can't without their help.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    1 Have you your homework?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    2
    7
    4
    3
    9
    5
    8
    10
    1

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • h He was born there.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Už odešli.
    already
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    2 Mám zpoždění.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    4 Co se děje?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    6 Postarám se o to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...