Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    6 It made him angry.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    3 It's getting worse.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    14 We had the house built.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    1 How've you been?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    8 He's to come too.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    7 He's known her for years.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    11 I'll do my best.
    2 I don't get it.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    19 I was fined for speeding.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • a for about two years now.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • f which made him angry.
    • g until they came back.
    • c but he sold it soon after.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    1 Where be you last night?
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    6 She was hit by a car.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    4 He's speak to her.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    9 He drank five beers.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    6 We can't without their help.
    15 it sense to you?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    14 He it to her angry.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    1 Have you your homework?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    2 We'll meet the airport.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    10
    6
    3
    9
    8
    4
    1
    5
    7

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.
    • e He's employed.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Nemusíte platit.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    4 Co se děje?
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    20 Hodně štěstí!

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...