Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    4 They differ in many ways.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    2 I don't get it.
    8 He's to come too.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    11 I'll do my best.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    7 He's known her for years.
    1 How've you been?
    3 It's getting worse.
    6 It made him angry.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    14 We had the house built.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • a for about two years now.
    • f which made him angry.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    1 Where be you last night?
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    13 This dress me look fat.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    1 Have you your homework?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    15 it sense to you?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her angry.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    6 We can't without their help.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    10
    4
    8
    9
    1
    6
    5
    7
    2
    3

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • c I've eaten.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • g I'm crazy about her.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    13 To nevadí.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    4 Co se děje?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    2 Mám zpoždění.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...