Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    3 Let me introduce myself.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    18 Have some!
    5 I'm not from here.
    15 Can you help us?
    19 I hope not.
    6 Where are you from?
    4 My name is ...
    16 We can't wait.
    9 That's my sister's car.
    14 Shall we go?
    20 I have to go.
    11 How much is it?
    7 Is there anybody here?
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    1 He's a learner of English.
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    13 What will you do?
    2 What's your name?
    12 That's not true!

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    5 3.06
    3 876.7
    7 2,568
    10 14,064,559
    6 86.05
    9 376,750
    2 267 people
    8 17,999.5
    4 16.78
    1 45 children

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    6
    7
    4
    9
    3
    5
    12
    1
    8
    2
    11
    10

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • b He's from China.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • i They're from France.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • d He's from England.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    5 these books yours?
    12 It true! He lying!
    8 Water good for you.
    2 There lots of children.
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    7 Our children too young for that.
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    3 What going on?
    10 Why you laughing?
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    6 I not afraid of you.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    10 We want something for we children.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    6 How luggage have you got?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    1 How money will you need?
    9 How is this car?
    10 There are too cars.
    5 That's too information.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    7 How friends are coming?
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    2 There won't be people.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    5 There any kids.
    6 This book mine.
    10 Why you at school?
    9 There any money.
    4 His parents glad.
    2 She my sister.
    3 My brother here.
    7 We very happy.
    1 I ready.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    11 English phrases easy.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 I'm not listening to you.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    2 He's reading a book.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    5 They're playing a game.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    6 Can I have little water?
    3 British are nice people.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • d No, come in!
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • h At about half past six.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    5 Can you give me money?
    4 There aren't people.
    2 Can I have water?
    8 of them are students.
    7 Have you got pets?
    3 Are there kids here?
    1 We need time.
    9 I can't see children.
    6 We haven't got milk.

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    10 Who's coming?
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    6 He's not afraid.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    9 What are you doing?
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    7 We aren't at home.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    12 We must do it.
    11 I can't come.
    8 When are we leaving?
    1 They are going on holiday.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    7 Je málo času. little
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • c red.
    • f green.
    • d orange.
    • e yellow.
    • g blue.
    • a brown.
    • b white.
    • h black.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    7 How are you feel ?
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    5 My mum have no time.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    11 Půjdeme?
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    13 Bude to stačit?
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    10 Jsem Čech.
    18 Je mi horko.
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    8 Přijdeš?

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.