Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    8 Are they waiting for me?
    11 How much is it?
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    5 I'm not from here.
    12 That's not true!
    15 Can you help us?
    18 Have some!
    14 Shall we go?
    16 We can't wait.
    6 Where are you from?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    9 That's my sister's car.
    13 What will you do?
    19 I hope not.
    2 What's your name?
    4 My name is ...
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    20 I have to go.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    1 He's a learner of English.

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    9 376,750
    8 17,999.5
    2 267 people
    5 3.06
    3 876.7
    10 14,064,559
    1 45 children
    4 16.78
    6 86.05
    7 2,568

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    6
    5
    4
    10
    2
    7
    9
    8
    11
    1
    12
    3

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • d He's from England.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • b He's from China.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • i They're from France.
    • c They're from Germany.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    8 Water good for you.
    5 these books yours?
    12 It true! He lying!
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    6 I not afraid of you.
    3 What going on?
    2 There lots of children.
    10 Why you laughing?
    7 Our children too young for that.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    3 There are many parents with they children.
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    10 We want something for we children.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    7 How friends are coming?
    9 How is this car?
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    5 That's too information.
    10 There are too cars.
    1 How money will you need?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    2 There won't be people.
    6 How luggage have you got?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    9 There any money.
    11 English phrases easy.
    6 This book mine.
    7 We very happy.
    1 I ready.
    3 My brother here.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    5 There any kids.
    10 Why you at school?
    2 She my sister.
    4 His parents glad.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 He's reading a book.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    5 They're playing a game.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    3 British are nice people.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    6 Can I have little water?
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • h At about half past six.
    • d No, come in!
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    2 Can I have water?
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    8 of them are students.
    5 Can you give me money?
    3 Are there kids here?
    1 We need time.
    9 I can't see children.
    6 We haven't got milk.
    4 There aren't people.
    7 Have you got pets?

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    6 He's not afraid.
    8 When are we leaving?
    11 I can't come.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    10 Who's coming?
    12 We must do it.
    9 What are you doing?
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    7 We aren't at home.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    7 Je málo času. little
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • h black.
    • e yellow.
    • c red.
    • d orange.
    • a brown.
    • b white.
    • f green.
    • g blue.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    6 She's sad and he's .
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    7 There will be many men but only women.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    5 My mum have no time.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    7 How are you feel ?
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    18 Je mi horko.
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    8 Přijdeš?
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    10 Jsem Čech.
    11 Půjdeme?

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.