Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    12 That's not true!
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    19 I hope not.
    4 My name is ...
    1 He's a learner of English.
    5 I'm not from here.
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    13 What will you do?
    16 We can't wait.
    6 Where are you from?
    2 What's your name?
    20 I have to go.
    11 How much is it?
    15 Can you help us?
    7 Is there anybody here?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    9 That's my sister's car.
    14 Shall we go?
    18 Have some!

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    6 86.05
    7 2,568
    2 267 people
    4 16.78
    1 45 children
    3 876.7
    10 14,064,559
    8 17,999.5
    9 376,750
    5 3.06

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    8
    4
    10
    6
    3
    9
    1
    5
    2
    12
    11
    7

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • d He's from England.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • i They're from France.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • b He's from China.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    7 Our children too young for that.
    8 Water good for you.
    3 What going on?
    12 It true! He lying!
    2 There lots of children.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    6 I not afraid of you.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    5 these books yours?
    10 Why you laughing?
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    10 We want something for we children.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    3 There are many parents with they children.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    7 How friends are coming?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    10 There are too cars.
    1 How money will you need?
    9 How is this car?
    5 That's too information.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    2 There won't be people.
    4 There isn't milk here.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    8 There many foreigners there.
    6 This book mine.
    5 There any kids.
    9 There any money.
    7 We very happy.
    10 Why you at school?
    1 I ready.
    4 His parents glad.
    11 English phrases easy.
    3 My brother here.
    2 She my sister.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 They're playing a game.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    2 He's reading a book.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    3 British are nice people.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    6 Can I have little water?

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • h At about half past six.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • d No, come in!
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    4 There aren't people.
    8 of them are students.
    1 We need time.
    5 Can you give me money?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    3 Are there kids here?
    2 Can I have water?
    9 I can't see children.
    7 Have you got pets?
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    1 They are going on holiday.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    7 We aren't at home.
    8 When are we leaving?
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    11 I can't come.
    9 What are you doing?
    10 Who's coming?
    12 We must do it.
    6 He's not afraid.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    7 Je málo času. little
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • b white.
    • e yellow.
    • a brown.
    • h black.
    • f green.
    • d orange.
    • c red.
    • g blue.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    8 There's too much work and too time.
    6 She's sad and he's .
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    7 How are you feel ?
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    5 My mum have no time.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    3 My brother speak four languages.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    8 Přijdeš?
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    11 Půjdeme?
    18 Je mi horko.
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    10 Jsem Čech.
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    2 Nečekejte na mne.

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.