Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    17 You'll have to ask him.
    6 Where are you from?
    11 How much is it?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    14 Shall we go?
    13 What will you do?
    20 I have to go.
    18 Have some!
    15 Can you help us?
    7 Is there anybody here?
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    9 That's my sister's car.
    2 What's your name?
    4 My name is ...
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    12 That's not true!
    19 I hope not.
    5 I'm not from here.
    16 We can't wait.

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    3 876.7
    1 45 children
    8 17,999.5
    5 3.06
    9 376,750
    7 2,568
    10 14,064,559
    4 16.78
    6 86.05
    2 267 people

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    8
    9
    10
    5
    2
    12
    11
    7
    4
    1
    6
    3

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • i They're from France.
    • b He's from China.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • d He's from England.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    2 There lots of children.
    10 Why you laughing?
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    5 these books yours?
    7 Our children too young for that.
    8 Water good for you.
    12 It true! He lying!
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    3 What going on?
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    6 I not afraid of you.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    10 We want something for we children.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    10 There are too cars.
    2 There won't be people.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    9 How is this car?
    1 How money will you need?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    7 How friends are coming?
    5 That's too information.
    4 There isn't milk here.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    11 English phrases easy.
    10 Why you at school?
    7 We very happy.
    2 She my sister.
    3 My brother here.
    9 There any money.
    1 I ready.
    6 This book mine.
    4 His parents glad.
    5 There any kids.
    8 There many foreigners there.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 He's reading a book.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    5 They're playing a game.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    7 There are ten cats in house.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    6 Can I have little water?
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    3 British are nice people.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • h At about half past six.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • d No, come in!

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    2 Can I have water?
    1 We need time.
    3 Are there kids here?
    5 Can you give me money?
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    8 of them are students.
    4 There aren't people.
    6 We haven't got milk.
    9 I can't see children.
    7 Have you got pets?

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    6 He's not afraid.
    7 We aren't at home.
    10 Who's coming?
    8 When are we leaving?
    9 What are you doing?
    11 I can't come.
    12 We must do it.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    7 Je málo času. little
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • e yellow.
    • h black.
    • g blue.
    • d orange.
    • b white.
    • c red.
    • a brown.
    • f green.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    6 She's sad and he's .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    8 There's too much work and too time.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    5 My mum have no time.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    7 How are you feel ?
    2 Why are you sit here?
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    10 Jsem Čech.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    13 Bude to stačit?
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    11 Půjdeme?
    8 Přijdeš?
    18 Je mi horko.
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.