Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    11 How much is it?
    12 That's not true!
    16 We can't wait.
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    20 I have to go.
    5 I'm not from here.
    19 I hope not.
    13 What will you do?
    18 Have some!
    14 Shall we go?
    4 My name is ...
    9 That's my sister's car.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    2 What's your name?
    15 Can you help us?
    6 Where are you from?
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    1 He's a learner of English.

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    1 45 children
    9 376,750
    6 86.05
    3 876.7
    10 14,064,559
    4 16.78
    8 17,999.5
    5 3.06
    7 2,568
    2 267 people

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    1
    7
    12
    9
    8
    5
    11
    4
    6
    10
    3
    2

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • d He's from England.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • i They're from France.
    • b He's from China.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • e They're from Italy.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    5 these books yours?
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    8 Water good for you.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    12 It true! He lying!
    6 I not afraid of you.
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    3 What going on?
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    2 There lots of children.
    10 Why you laughing?
    7 Our children too young for that.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    10 We want something for we children.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    6 How luggage have you got?
    9 How is this car?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    7 How friends are coming?
    1 How money will you need?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    5 That's too information.
    2 There won't be people.
    10 There are too cars.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    4 His parents glad.
    3 My brother here.
    5 There any kids.
    7 We very happy.
    1 I ready.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    6 This book mine.
    9 There any money.
    2 She my sister.
    11 English phrases easy.
    10 Why you at school?

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    11 My friends are having fun.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    5 They're playing a game.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    2 He's reading a book.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    10 I'm not listening to you.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    6 Can I have little water?
    3 British are nice people.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • d No, come in!
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • h At about half past six.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    5 Can you give me money?
    8 of them are students.
    2 Can I have water?
    9 I can't see children.
    1 We need time.
    3 Are there kids here?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    4 There aren't people.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    7 Have you got pets?

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    3 My mum is making dinner.
    11 I can't come.
    10 Who's coming?
    1 They are going on holiday.
    9 What are you doing?
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    12 We must do it.
    8 When are we leaving?
    6 He's not afraid.
    7 We aren't at home.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    7 Je málo času. little
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • h black.
    • c red.
    • a brown.
    • g blue.
    • e yellow.
    • f green.
    • d orange.
    • b white.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    6 She's sad and he's .

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    5 My mum have no time.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    7 How are you feel ?
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    11 Půjdeme?
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    8 Přijdeš?
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    10 Jsem Čech.
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    18 Je mi horko.
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.