Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    20 I have to go.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    6 Where are you from?
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    5 I'm not from here.
    18 Have some!
    9 That's my sister's car.
    14 Shall we go?
    19 I hope not.
    15 Can you help us?
    12 That's not true!
    1 He's a learner of English.
    4 My name is ...
    13 What will you do?
    11 How much is it?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    2 What's your name?
    16 We can't wait.

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    6 86.05
    3 876.7
    8 17,999.5
    9 376,750
    1 45 children
    2 267 people
    10 14,064,559
    5 3.06
    4 16.78
    7 2,568

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    8
    1
    7
    5
    3
    12
    2
    6
    10
    9
    4
    11

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • b He's from China.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • i They're from France.
    • d He's from England.
    • h He's from Russia.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    8 Water good for you.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    2 There lots of children.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    10 Why you laughing?
    6 I not afraid of you.
    12 It true! He lying!
    7 Our children too young for that.
    3 What going on?
    5 these books yours?

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    10 We want something for we children.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    7 How friends are coming?
    9 How is this car?
    2 There won't be people.
    5 That's too information.
    4 There isn't milk here.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    10 There are too cars.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    1 How money will you need?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    3 My brother here.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    11 English phrases easy.
    2 She my sister.
    1 I ready.
    5 There any kids.
    7 We very happy.
    6 This book mine.
    4 His parents glad.
    9 There any money.
    10 Why you at school?

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    5 They're playing a game.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    2 He's reading a book.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    6 Can I have little water?
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    3 British are nice people.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • d No, come in!
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • h At about half past six.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • g I'll leave that to you.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    8 of them are students.
    2 Can I have water?
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    5 Can you give me money?
    3 Are there kids here?
    9 I can't see children.
    4 There aren't people.
    6 We haven't got milk.
    1 We need time.
    7 Have you got pets?

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    5 We are meeting at my place.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    7 We aren't at home.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    6 He's not afraid.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    9 What are you doing?
    11 I can't come.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    8 When are we leaving?
    10 Who's coming?
    12 We must do it.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    7 Je málo času. little
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    15 Já nespím! sleep

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • d orange.
    • e yellow.
    • a brown.
    • c red.
    • h black.
    • f green.
    • b white.
    • g blue.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    7 There will be many men but only women.
    6 She's sad and he's .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    5 My mum have no time.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    7 How are you feel ?

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    10 Jsem Čech.
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    8 Přijdeš?
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    11 Půjdeme?
    13 Bude to stačit?
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    18 Je mi horko.
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.