Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    16 We can't wait.
    12 That's not true!
    13 What will you do?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    5 I'm not from here.
    2 What's your name?
    6 Where are you from?
    15 Can you help us?
    9 That's my sister's car.
    4 My name is ...
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    20 I have to go.
    14 Shall we go?
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    7 Is there anybody here?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    19 I hope not.
    18 Have some!
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    11 How much is it?

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    8 17,999.5
    5 3.06
    9 376,750
    6 86.05
    3 876.7
    10 14,064,559
    2 267 people
    1 45 children
    7 2,568
    4 16.78

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    8
    6
    11
    1
    4
    5
    10
    12
    7
    2
    9
    3

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • b He's from China.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • d He's from England.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • i They're from France.
    • a They're from Ireland.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    10 Why you laughing?
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    3 What going on?
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    12 It true! He lying!
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    6 I not afraid of you.
    2 There lots of children.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    7 Our children too young for that.
    8 Water good for you.
    5 these books yours?

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    10 We want something for we children.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    10 There are too cars.
    7 How friends are coming?
    9 How is this car?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    5 That's too information.
    1 How money will you need?
    2 There won't be people.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    5 There any kids.
    1 I ready.
    7 We very happy.
    2 She my sister.
    4 His parents glad.
    9 There any money.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    6 This book mine.
    10 Why you at school?
    11 English phrases easy.
    3 My brother here.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 I'm not listening to you.
    5 They're playing a game.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    2 He's reading a book.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    3 British are nice people.
    6 Can I have little water?
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • d No, come in!
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • h At about half past six.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • e No, I think he's British.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    1 We need time.
    7 Have you got pets?
    2 Can I have water?
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    9 I can't see children.
    5 Can you give me money?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    4 There aren't people.
    8 of them are students.
    3 Are there kids here?

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    9 What are you doing?
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    6 He's not afraid.
    11 I can't come.
    12 We must do it.
    10 Who's coming?
    7 We aren't at home.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    8 When are we leaving?

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    7 Je málo času. little
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • c red.
    • h black.
    • g blue.
    • b white.
    • a brown.
    • e yellow.
    • d orange.
    • f green.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    6 She's sad and he's .
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    8 There's too much work and too time.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    5 My mum have no time.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    7 How are you feel ?
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    8 Přijdeš?
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    13 Bude to stačit?
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    10 Jsem Čech.
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    11 Půjdeme?
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    18 Je mi horko.
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.