Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    20 I have to go.
    14 Shall we go?
    13 What will you do?
    16 We can't wait.
    9 That's my sister's car.
    5 I'm not from here.
    2 What's your name?
    15 Can you help us?
    4 My name is ...
    18 Have some!
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    6 Where are you from?
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    19 I hope not.
    11 How much is it?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    12 That's not true!

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    7 2,568
    10 14,064,559
    9 376,750
    3 876.7
    1 45 children
    5 3.06
    6 86.05
    4 16.78
    2 267 people
    8 17,999.5

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    4
    7
    3
    10
    9
    12
    2
    6
    8
    11
    1
    5

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • i They're from France.
    • d He's from England.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • b He's from China.
    • f She's from Spain.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    12 It true! He lying!
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    2 There lots of children.
    8 Water good for you.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    7 Our children too young for that.
    5 these books yours?
    3 What going on?
    6 I not afraid of you.
    10 Why you laughing?

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    10 We want something for we children.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    9 How is this car?
    6 How luggage have you got?
    5 That's too information.
    7 How friends are coming?
    1 How money will you need?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    10 There are too cars.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    2 There won't be people.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    11 English phrases easy.
    2 She my sister.
    10 Why you at school?
    6 This book mine.
    5 There any kids.
    9 There any money.
    3 My brother here.
    1 I ready.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    7 We very happy.
    4 His parents glad.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    5 They're playing a game.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    2 He's reading a book.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    3 British are nice people.
    6 Can I have little water?
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • h At about half past six.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • d No, come in!

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    8 of them are students.
    1 We need time.
    7 Have you got pets?
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    2 Can I have water?
    5 Can you give me money?
    3 Are there kids here?
    4 There aren't people.
    9 I can't see children.
    6 We haven't got milk.

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    5 We are meeting at my place.
    7 We aren't at home.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    11 I can't come.
    8 When are we leaving?
    9 What are you doing?
    6 He's not afraid.
    12 We must do it.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    10 Who's coming?
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    15 Já nespím! sleep
    7 Je málo času. little
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • c red.
    • g blue.
    • f green.
    • e yellow.
    • a brown.
    • h black.
    • d orange.
    • b white.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    6 She's sad and he's .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    8 There's too much work and too time.

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    2 Why are you sit here?
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    7 How are you feel ?
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    5 My mum have no time.
    1 A man is wait there for you.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    16 Nejsem připravený.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    18 Je mi horko.
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    10 Jsem Čech.
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    8 Přijdeš?
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    11 Půjdeme?
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.