Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    7 Is there anybody here?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    11 How much is it?
    18 Have some!
    5 I'm not from here.
    2 What's your name?
    16 We can't wait.
    9 That's my sister's car.
    19 I hope not.
    4 My name is ...
    13 What will you do?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    6 Where are you from?
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    15 Can you help us?
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    14 Shall we go?
    12 That's not true!
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    20 I have to go.

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    8 17,999.5
    2 267 people
    3 876.7
    6 86.05
    7 2,568
    9 376,750
    1 45 children
    4 16.78
    10 14,064,559
    5 3.06

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    11
    10
    4
    5
    2
    9
    7
    3
    1
    6
    12
    8

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • d He's from England.
    • i They're from France.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • b He's from China.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    2 There lots of children.
    3 What going on?
    10 Why you laughing?
    12 It true! He lying!
    5 these books yours?
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    6 I not afraid of you.
    8 Water good for you.
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    7 Our children too young for that.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    10 We want something for we children.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    9 How is this car?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    7 How friends are coming?
    2 There won't be people.
    10 There are too cars.
    5 That's too information.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    1 How money will you need?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    10 Why you at school?
    9 There any money.
    3 My brother here.
    4 His parents glad.
    11 English phrases easy.
    2 She my sister.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    1 I ready.
    5 There any kids.
    7 We very happy.
    6 This book mine.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    2 He's reading a book.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    5 They're playing a game.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    6 Can I have little water?
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    3 British are nice people.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • d No, come in!
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • h At about half past six.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    6 We haven't got milk.
    5 Can you give me money?
    2 Can I have water?
    8 of them are students.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    1 We need time.
    4 There aren't people.
    9 I can't see children.
    3 Are there kids here?
    7 Have you got pets?

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    11 I can't come.
    12 We must do it.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    9 What are you doing?
    8 When are we leaving?
    6 He's not afraid.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    7 We aren't at home.
    10 Who's coming?

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    7 Je málo času. little
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • g blue.
    • b white.
    • d orange.
    • a brown.
    • e yellow.
    • f green.
    • h black.
    • c red.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    6 She's sad and he's .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    7 How are you feel ?
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    5 My mum have no time.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    10 Jsem Čech.
    11 Půjdeme?
    18 Je mi horko.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    8 Přijdeš?
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    16 Nejsem připravený.

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.