Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    2 What's your name?
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    12 That's not true!
    13 What will you do?
    18 Have some!
    9 That's my sister's car.
    20 I have to go.
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    16 We can't wait.
    14 Shall we go?
    15 Can you help us?
    11 How much is it?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    4 My name is ...
    5 I'm not from here.
    19 I hope not.
    6 Where are you from?

    Exercise 2

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    1 45 children
    8 17,999.5
    4 16.78
    2 267 people
    6 86.05
    5 3.06
    9 376,750
    3 876.7
    10 14,064,559
    7 2,568

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    3
    10
    4
    9
    2
    12
    8
    11
    1
    5
    6
    7

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • i They're from France.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • b He's from China.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • d He's from England.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • h He's from Russia.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

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    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!

    Exercise 7

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    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    6 I not afraid of you.
    10 Why you laughing?
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    2 There lots of children.
    12 It true! He lying!
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    3 What going on?
    7 Our children too young for that.
    5 these books yours?
    8 Water good for you.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    9 He's a good friend of I .
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    10 We want something for we children.
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    1 How money will you need?
    7 How friends are coming?
    2 There won't be people.
    4 There isn't milk here.
    5 That's too information.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    9 How is this car?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    10 There are too cars.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    10 Why you at school?
    1 I ready.
    3 My brother here.
    7 We very happy.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    9 There any money.
    2 She my sister.
    4 His parents glad.
    11 English phrases easy.
    5 There any kids.
    6 This book mine.

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    2 He's reading a book.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    5 They're playing a game.
    11 My friends are having fun.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    6 Can I have little water?
    3 British are nice people.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

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    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • d No, come in!
    • h At about half past six.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    1 We need time.
    9 I can't see children.
    8 of them are students.
    5 Can you give me money?
    3 Are there kids here?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    2 Can I have water?
    4 There aren't people.
    7 Have you got pets?

    Exercise 16

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    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    8 When are we leaving?
    12 We must do it.
    11 I can't come.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    6 He's not afraid.
    9 What are you doing?
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    10 Who's coming?
    1 They are going on holiday.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    7 We aren't at home.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 Je málo času. little
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • f green.
    • a brown.
    • b white.
    • c red.
    • h black.
    • g blue.
    • d orange.
    • e yellow.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    6 She's sad and he's .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .

    Exercise 20

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    5 My mum have no time.
    7 How are you feel ?
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    3 My brother speak four languages.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    10 Jsem Čech.
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    18 Je mi horko.
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    11 Půjdeme?
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    8 Přijdeš?
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.