Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 9404

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    16 Shall we sit down?
    1 What are you watching?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    8 We met several times.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    20 It feels great!
    9 Is this your first time here?

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    10 Am I right?
    4 Have you got any money?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    6 Will you be there?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    11 He's got no children.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    3 246 people
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    2 He was 52nd.
    11 bus number 102
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000
    7 35,785
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    9 in the year 2015
    4 3,500

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    13 When did you see him? last week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    7 What did they want? more money
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    3 I'm going to tell him.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    2 She should tell them.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    7 It should be easy to repair.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    12 Go down this road.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    5 The worst is behind us.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    2 You are among friends.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    12 I speak very little/few English.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    17 He should get other/another chance.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    3 She's dinner just now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her happy.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    8 How much money does he ?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    4 You should your homework now.
    6 Do you any sports?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.