Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    12 She never speaks to me.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    2 Take a look at this!
    1 What are you watching?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    8 We met several times.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    20 It feels great!
    7 It was nice meeting you.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    7 Do they agree?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    11 He's got no children.
    10 We got there at seven.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    2 Frank is coming too.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    6 0.05 seconds
    8 9,756,004
    12 phone number 670098883
    3 246 people
    11 bus number 102
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    9 in the year 2015
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    2 He was 52nd.
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000
    7 35,785

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    7 What did they want? more money
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    11 Were there any problems? lots of

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    3 I'm going to tell him.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    6 There's too much water.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    9 he, not like the food
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us
    5 I, give him, the money
    3 she, send us, messages
    10 the car, be, not expensive

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    10 I'm drinking beer.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    3 Music started to play.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    12 Go down this road.
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    4 I tried it many/much times.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    8 How much money does he ?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    14 He it to her happy.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    5 I need to a phone call.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    4 You should your homework now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    3 What will you need?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    12 Idem nakupovať.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.