Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    14 She keeps talking about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    1 What are you watching?
    8 We met several times.
    2 Take a look at this!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    20 It feels great!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    7 It was nice meeting you.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    10 in the 1980s
    6 0.05 seconds
    9 in the year 2015
    8 9,756,004
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102
    3 246 people
    12 phone number 670098883
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500
    5 4.6,000,000

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    7 What did they want? more money
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    13 When did you see him? last week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    12 What did she tell you? nothing

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    3 It's snowing.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    2 You are among friends.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    5 The worst is behind us.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    12 I speak very little/few English.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    14 He it to her happy.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    6 Do you any sports?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    8 How much money does he ?
    4 You should your homework now.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    15 Stop fun of me!

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    8 I'll come time.
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.