Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 9404

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    13 Let's go shopping!
    8 We met several times.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    20 It feels great!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    1 What are you watching?
    2 Take a look at this!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    12 She never speaks to me.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?
    4 Have you got any money?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    11 He's got no children.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    3 246 people
    9 in the year 2015
    8 9,756,004
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds
    4 3,500
    2 He was 52nd.
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    13 When did you see him? last week
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    7 What did they want? more money
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    1 He speaks English.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    8 There were more people.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    6 she, sit between us
    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    2 my parents, know
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    5 School is beginning.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.
    1 She's feeling good.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    3 Music started to play.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    2 You are among friends.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    7 There were less/fewer people.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    5 I need to a phone call.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    4 You should your homework now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    14 He it to her happy.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    8 How much money does he ?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.