Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 9404

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    2 Take a look at this!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    20 It feels great!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    8 We met several times.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    1 What are you watching?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    7 Do they agree?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    2 Frank is coming too.
    10 We got there at seven.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    11 He's got no children.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    1 on May 1st and 26th
    4 3,500
    8 9,756,004
    11 bus number 102
    6 0.05 seconds
    5 4.6,000,000
    9 in the year 2015
    10 in the 1980s
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    3 246 people
    7 35,785
    2 He was 52nd.
    12 phone number 670098883

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    7 What did they want? more money
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    13 When did you see him? last week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    8 There were more people.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    6 He's coming.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    1 He likes to play games.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    12 Go down this road.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    12 I speak very little/few English.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    1 You are a big mistake!
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    14 He it to her happy.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    6 Do you any sports?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    4 You should your homework now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    4 What things do you like?
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    12 Idem nakupovať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.