Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    12 She never speaks to me.
    1 What are you watching?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    20 It feels great!
    8 We met several times.
    2 Take a look at this!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?
    7 Do they agree?
    8 Should I tell her?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    10 We got there at seven.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    3 246 people
    8 9,756,004
    10 in the 1980s
    9 in the year 2015
    4 3,500
    6 0.05 seconds
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    2 He was 52nd.
    11 bus number 102

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    7 What did they want? more money
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    1 He speaks English.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    1 he, speak about it
    6 she, sit between us

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    5 School is beginning.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    2 They love to sing.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    3 Music started to play.
    4 He continued to read.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    17 He should get other/another chance.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    3 She's dinner just now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    4 You should your homework now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    6 Do you any sports?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    8 How much money does he ?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    3 What will you need?
    4 What things do you like?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    8 I'll come time.
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.