Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    10 What time does your plane land?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    2 Take a look at this!
    13 Let's go shopping!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    8 We met several times.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    20 It feels great!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    1 What are you watching?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    12 She never speaks to me.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    7 Do they agree?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    8 9,756,004
    3 246 people
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    2 He was 52nd.
    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    4 3,500
    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102
    9 in the year 2015
    10 in the 1980s

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    7 What did they want? more money
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    12 What did she tell you? nothing

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    3 she, send us, messages
    5 I, give him, the money
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    5 School is beginning.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    8 It will be hard to solve.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    1 He likes to play games.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    4 He continued to read.
    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    12 Go down this road.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    2 You are among friends.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    6 Do you any sports?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    14 He it to her happy.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    8 How much money does he ?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    1 Why do you need car?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    2 What do people think?
    3 What will you need?
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.