Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    12 She never speaks to me.
    8 We met several times.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    20 It feels great!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    1 What are you watching?
    2 Take a look at this!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    16 Shall we sit down?

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?
    4 Have you got any money?
    1 Are you hungry?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    10 We got there at seven.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    1 I'm watching the news.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    10 in the 1980s
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    5 4.6,000,000
    8 9,756,004
    2 He was 52nd.
    3 246 people
    4 3,500
    7 35,785
    9 in the year 2015
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    13 When did you see him? last week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    2 She should tell them.
    1 He speaks English.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    6 she, sit between us
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    1 He likes to play games.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    2 You are among friends.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    17 He should get other/another chance.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    6 Do you any sports?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    4 You should your homework now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    8 How much money does he ?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her happy.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    1 You are a big mistake!

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    3 What will you need?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.