Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    10 What time does your plane land?
    2 Take a look at this!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    20 It feels great!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    1 What are you watching?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    8 We met several times.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    2 Does he know?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    11 He's got no children.
    10 We got there at seven.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    9 in the year 2015
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    2 He was 52nd.
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    3 246 people
    11 bus number 102
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    8 9,756,004

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    7 What did they want? more money
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    2 She should tell them.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that
    1 he, speak about it
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    9 he, not like the food
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    3 It's snowing.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    6 He's coming.
    5 School is beginning.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    2 They love to sing.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    4 He continued to read.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    3 Music started to play.
    1 He likes to play games.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    7 It should be easy to repair.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    3 It's just around the corner.
    12 Go down this road.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    2 You are among friends.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    1 How many/much will it cost?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    14 He it to her happy.
    8 How much money does he ?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    15 Stop fun of me!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    6 Do you any sports?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    4 You should your homework now.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.