Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    18 There's no need to worry.
    1 What are you watching?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    20 It feels great!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    2 Take a look at this!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    8 We met several times.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    3 Can they help us?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    5 Is she coming too?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    10 in the 1980s
    11 bus number 102
    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    5 4.6,000,000
    8 9,756,004
    9 in the year 2015
    6 0.05 seconds
    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    7 What did they want? more money
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    6 There's too much water.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    5 School is beginning.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    4 He continued to read.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    1 He likes to play games.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    12 Go down this road.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    2 You are among friends.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    4 I tried it many/much times.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    6 That's too much/many money.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    6 Do you any sports?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    14 He it to her happy.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    4 You should your homework now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    8 How much money does he ?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.
    1 Why do you need car?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    6 Ideš s nami?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.