Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 9404

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    1 What are you watching?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    8 We met several times.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    20 It feels great!
    2 Take a look at this!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    9 Is this your first time here?

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?
    3 Can they help us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    5 Is she coming too?
    7 Do they agree?
    2 Does he know?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    1 I'm watching the news.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    9 in the year 2015
    5 4.6,000,000
    10 in the 1980s
    2 He was 52nd.
    7 35,785
    3 246 people
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    8 9,756,004
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    4 3,500

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    13 When did you see him? last week

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    6 He's coming.
    4 She's making dinner.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    3 Music started to play.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    4 He continued to read.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    12 Go down this road.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    3 It's just around the corner.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    8 How much money does he ?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    14 He it to her happy.
    4 You should your homework now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    2 What do people think?
    4 What things do you like?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.
    6 We will find some place.
    3 What will you need?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    1 Kde si včera bol?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    12 Idem nakupovať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.