Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    2 Take a look at this!
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    20 It feels great!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    1 What are you watching?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    8 We met several times.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    2 Does he know?
    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    11 He's got no children.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    10 We got there at seven.
    8 She's afraid of flying.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    1 on May 1st and 26th
    3 246 people
    6 0.05 seconds
    9 in the year 2015
    4 3,500
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    8 9,756,004
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    2 He was 52nd.
    11 bus number 102
    10 in the 1980s

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    7 What did they want? more money
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    13 When did you see him? last week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    10 We'll be able to come.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    1 he, speak about it
    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    5 School is beginning.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    4 He continued to read.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    2 They love to sing.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    3 It's just around the corner.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    2 You are among friends.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    12 Go down this road.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    17 He should get other/another chance.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    1 You are a big mistake!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    8 How much money does he ?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    14 He it to her happy.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    3 She's dinner just now.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    5 Let's go somewhere .

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.