Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    7 It was nice meeting you.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    1 What are you watching?
    2 Take a look at this!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    8 We met several times.
    20 It feels great!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    1 I'm watching the news.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    11 He's got no children.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    9 He goes there twice a week.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    8 9,756,004
    2 He was 52nd.
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    4 3,500
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    9 in the year 2015
    10 in the 1980s
    7 35,785
    3 246 people
    5 4.6,000,000
    6 0.05 seconds
    12 phone number 670098883

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    13 When did you see him? last week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    9 What did you drink? only tea

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    8 There were more people.
    9 They could help us.
    6 There's too much water.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    1 he, speak about it

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    1 She's feeling good.
    6 He's coming.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    12 I can remember that he told her.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    2 They love to sing.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    3 It's just around the corner.
    12 Go down this road.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    2 You are among friends.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    1 She left for work an hour ago.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    3 There will be many/much people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    4 I tried it many/much times.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    5 I need to a phone call.
    4 You should your homework now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    8 How much money does he ?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    2 What do people think?
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.