Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    8 We met several times.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    1 What are you watching?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    2 Take a look at this!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    20 It feels great!

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    10 Am I right?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    1 Are you hungry?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500
    11 bus number 102
    9 in the year 2015
    5 4.6,000,000
    10 in the 1980s
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    12 phone number 670098883
    3 246 people

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    13 When did you see him? last week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know
    3 she, send us, messages
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    5 We love it when we go out.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    1 He likes to play games.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    3 Music started to play.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    2 You are among friends.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    12 I speak very little/few English.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    14 He it to her happy.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    6 Do you any sports?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    4 You should your homework now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    8 How much money does he ?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    4 What things do you like?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    10 Koľko to stojí?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.