Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    2 Take a look at this!
    8 We met several times.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    20 It feels great!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    1 What are you watching?
    13 Let's go shopping!

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    2 He was 52nd.
    11 bus number 102
    4 3,500
    6 0.05 seconds
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    8 9,756,004
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    3 246 people

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    7 What did they want? more money
    13 When did you see him? last week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    8 There were more people.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    9 he, not like the food
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    1 She's feeling good.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    2 You are among friends.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    12 Go down this road.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    3 It's just around the corner.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    4 You should your homework now.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    8 How much money does he ?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    5 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her happy.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    17 Museli sme čakať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.