Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    12 She never speaks to me.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    20 It feels great!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    1 What are you watching?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    8 We met several times.
    2 Take a look at this!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    1 Are you hungry?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?
    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    10 Am I right?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    11 He's got no children.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    10 We got there at seven.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    6 0.05 seconds
    9 in the year 2015
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    3 246 people
    11 bus number 102
    2 He was 52nd.

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    13 When did you see him? last week
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    7 What did they want? more money
    9 What did you drink? only tea

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    2 She should tell them.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    6 she, sit between us
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    5 School is beginning.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    1 She's feeling good.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    3 Music started to play.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    2 You are among friends.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    12 Go down this road.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    12 I speak very little/few English.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    4 You should your homework now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    8 How much money does he ?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    14 He it to her happy.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    6 Do you any sports?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    4 What things do you like?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    6 Ideš s nami?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.