Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    20 It feels great!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    2 Take a look at this!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    1 What are you watching?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    8 We met several times.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    8 She's afraid of flying.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    11 He's got no children.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    7 35,785
    9 in the year 2015
    6 0.05 seconds
    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    8 9,756,004
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883
    5 4.6,000,000

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    7 What did they want? more money
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    1 She's feeling good.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    3 Music started to play.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    1 He likes to play games.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    12 Go down this road.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    2 You are among friends.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    1 How many/much will it cost?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    8 How much money does he ?
    14 He it to her happy.
    4 You should your homework now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    6 Do you any sports?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.
    4 What things do you like?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    1 Kde si včera bol?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.