Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    19 That sounds interesting.
    1 What are you watching?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    2 Take a look at this!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    20 It feels great!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    8 We met several times.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    11 He's got no children.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    2 He was 52nd.
    9 in the year 2015
    11 bus number 102
    7 35,785
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    6 0.05 seconds
    5 4.6,000,000
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    10 in the 1980s
    12 phone number 670098883
    3 246 people
    8 9,756,004
    4 3,500

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    13 When did you see him? last week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    10 Did you have a good time? great time

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    8 There were more people.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us
    3 she, send us, messages
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    9 he, not like the food
    1 he, speak about it

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    1 He likes to play games.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    4 He continued to read.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    2 They love to sing.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    3 Music started to play.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    5 The worst is behind us.
    2 You are among friends.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    12 Go down this road.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    12 I speak very little/few English.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    4 You should your homework now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    8 How much money does he ?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    14 He it to her happy.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    6 We will find some place.
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    3 What will you need?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.