Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    10 What time does your plane land?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    2 Take a look at this!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    20 It feels great!
    8 We met several times.
    1 What are you watching?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    3 246 people
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    4 3,500
    7 35,785
    9 in the year 2015
    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102
    5 4.6,000,000
    8 9,756,004
    2 He was 52nd.
    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    10 in the 1980s

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    7 What did they want? more money
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    13 When did you see him? last week

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    8 There were more people.
    2 She should tell them.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    1 he, speak about it
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    10 the car, be, not expensive

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    3 It's snowing.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    6 He's coming.
    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    1 He likes to play games.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    2 They love to sing.
    3 Music started to play.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    8 It will be hard to solve.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    5 The worst is behind us.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    2 You are among friends.
    12 Go down this road.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    3 It's just around the corner.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    4 You should your homework now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    14 He it to her happy.
    6 Do you any sports?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    8 How much money does he ?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    3 What will you need?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.