Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 9404

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    13 Let's go shopping!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    1 What are you watching?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    8 We met several times.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    2 Take a look at this!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    20 It feels great!
    18 There's no need to worry.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    4 Have you got any money?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    6 Only ten people came there.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    8 9,756,004
    10 in the 1980s
    7 35,785
    3 246 people
    4 3,500
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    6 0.05 seconds
    5 4.6,000,000
    11 bus number 102
    9 in the year 2015
    12 phone number 670098883
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    2 He was 52nd.

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    7 What did they want? more money
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    6 she, sit between us
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    5 School is beginning.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    5 We love it when we go out.
    1 He likes to play games.
    2 They love to sing.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    3 Music started to play.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    2 You are among friends.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    3 It's just around the corner.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • b We met on the bus.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    16 It'll be many/much better.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    6 Do you any sports?
    4 You should your homework now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    8 How much money does he ?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 9438

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    8 I'll come time.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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  • 9443

    • Preložte.

    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    6 Ideš s nami?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.