Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    12 She never speaks to me.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    1 What are you watching?
    8 We met several times.
    2 Take a look at this!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    20 It feels great!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    10 Am I right?
    7 Do they agree?
    8 Should I tell her?
    4 Have you got any money?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    8 She's afraid of flying.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    6 0.05 seconds
    10 in the 1980s
    12 phone number 670098883
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    4 3,500
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    2 He was 52nd.
    11 bus number 102
    7 35,785
    3 246 people
    9 in the year 2015
    5 4.6,000,000

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    13 When did you see him? last week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.
    6 There's too much water.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    10 I'm drinking beer.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    1 She's feeling good.
    6 He's coming.
    5 School is beginning.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    3 Music started to play.
    1 He likes to play games.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    2 You are among friends.
    12 Go down this road.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    3 There will be many/much people.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    4 You should your homework now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    8 How much money does he ?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    14 He it to her happy.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    6 We will find some place.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    1 Kde si včera bol?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.