Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    15 He doesn't care about her.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    8 We met several times.
    2 Take a look at this!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    1 What are you watching?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    20 It feels great!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?
    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    4 Have you got any money?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    8 9,756,004
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102
    4 3,500
    10 in the 1980s
    9 in the year 2015
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    7 What did they want? more money
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    10 We'll be able to come.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    5 I, give him, the money
    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    2 my parents, know
    7 we, spend weekends abroad

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    1 She's feeling good.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    5 School is beginning.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    3 Music started to play.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    2 They love to sing.
    1 He likes to play games.
    4 He continued to read.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    2 You are among friends.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    12 Go down this road.
    10 I'm ready for anything.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    8 How much money does he ?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    14 He it to her happy.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    1 You are a big mistake!

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    8 I'll come time.
    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    3 What will you need?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    12 Idem nakupovať.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.