Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    1 What are you watching?
    2 Take a look at this!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    8 We met several times.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    20 It feels great!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    7 It was nice meeting you.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?
    2 Does he know?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    8 Should I tell her?
    3 Can they help us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    12 It's going to take a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    4 3,500
    5 4.6,000,000
    10 in the 1980s
    11 bus number 102
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    2 He was 52nd.
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883
    3 246 people

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    6 she, sit between us
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    12 I can remember that he told her.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    3 Music started to play.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    2 They love to sing.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    4 He continued to read.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    2 You are among friends.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    7 There were less/fewer people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    12 I speak very little/few English.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    8 How much money does he ?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.