Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    2 Take a look at this!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    20 It feels great!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    8 We met several times.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    1 What are you watching?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    9 Could he do it for us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    12 It's going to take a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    11 He's got no children.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    2 He was 52nd.
    12 phone number 670098883
    10 in the 1980s
    9 in the year 2015
    8 9,756,004
    3 246 people
    11 bus number 102
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    5 4.6,000,000
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    13 When did you see him? last week
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    8 There were more people.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    9 They could help us.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    1 he, speak about it
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    1 He likes to play games.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    3 Music started to play.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    4 He continued to read.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    12 Go down this road.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    2 You are among friends.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    3 It's just around the corner.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • a No, I told nobody.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    3 There will be many/much people.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    14 He it to her happy.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    6 Do you any sports?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    4 You should your homework now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    8 How much money does he ?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    10 Koľko to stojí?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.