Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    2 Take a look at this!
    20 It feels great!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    1 What are you watching?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    8 We met several times.
    18 There's no need to worry.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    7 Do they agree?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    11 He's got no children.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    10 in the 1980s
    3 246 people
    9 in the year 2015
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    12 phone number 670098883
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    5 4.6,000,000

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    7 What did they want? more money
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    13 When did you see him? last week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    12 What did she tell you? nothing

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    2 She should tell them.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    6 she, sit between us
    8 our dog, not eat that
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food
    10 the car, be, not expensive

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    1 He likes to play games.
    2 They love to sing.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    4 He continued to read.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    3 It's just around the corner.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    3 There will be many/much people.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    6 Do you any sports?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    8 How much money does he ?
    14 He it to her happy.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    4 You should your homework now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    15 Stop fun of me!

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    1 Why do you need car?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.