Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    2 Take a look at this!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    20 It feels great!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    1 What are you watching?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    8 We met several times.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    14 She keeps talking about it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    5 Is she coming too?
    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    12 It's going to take a week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    11 He's got no children.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    10 We got there at seven.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    1 I'm watching the news.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds
    4 3,500
    3 246 people
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    5 4.6,000,000
    9 in the year 2015
    10 in the 1980s
    2 He was 52nd.
    8 9,756,004
    1 on May 1st and 26th

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    13 When did you see him? last week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    9 They could help us.
    8 There were more people.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us
    8 our dog, not eat that
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money
    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    4 He continued to read.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    1 He likes to play games.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    3 Music started to play.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    2 You are among friends.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    12 Go down this road.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    7 There were less/fewer people.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    14 He it to her happy.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    8 How much money does he ?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    5 I need to a phone call.
    6 Do you any sports?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    4 You should your homework now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    4 What things do you like?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    17 Museli sme čakať.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.