Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 9404

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    7 It was nice meeting you.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    20 It feels great!
    2 Take a look at this!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    8 We met several times.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    1 What are you watching?

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    2 Does he know?
    10 Am I right?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    3 Can they help us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    11 He's got no children.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    10 We got there at seven.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    7 35,785
    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    9 in the year 2015
    12 phone number 670098883
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    5 4.6,000,000
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    1 on May 1st and 26th

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    13 When did you see him? last week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    7 What did they want? more money
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    9 What did you drink? only tea

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    2 my parents, know
    3 she, send us, messages
    5 I, give him, the money
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    9 he, not like the food
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    6 He's coming.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    5 School is beginning.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    2 They love to sing.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    3 Music started to play.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    2 You are among friends.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    5 The worst is behind us.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    8 How much money does he ?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    4 You should your homework now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    6 Do you any sports?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    3 She's dinner just now.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    9 Nobody knows that.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.
    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    1 Kde si včera bol?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    6 Ideš s nami?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.