Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    4 She knew nothing about it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    1 What are you watching?
    20 It feels great!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    8 We met several times.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?
    10 Am I right?
    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    5 4.6,000,000
    2 He was 52nd.
    9 in the year 2015
    12 phone number 670098883
    10 in the 1980s
    8 9,756,004
    3 246 people
    6 0.05 seconds
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    7 What did they want? more money
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    6 she, sit between us
    8 our dog, not eat that
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    4 He continued to read.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    3 Music started to play.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    12 Go down this road.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    5 The worst is behind us.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    3 It's just around the corner.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    2 You are among friends.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    12 I speak very little/few English.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    9 Please let me know as as possible!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    8 How much money does he ?
    4 You should your homework now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    14 He it to her happy.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    6 Do you any sports?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.