Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 9404

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    1 What are you watching?
    2 Take a look at this!
    8 We met several times.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    20 It feels great!

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    7 Do they agree?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?
    3 Can they help us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    11 He's got no children.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    8 9,756,004
    9 in the year 2015
    5 4.6,000,000
    6 0.05 seconds
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    7 35,785
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    12 phone number 670098883
    2 He was 52nd.
    3 246 people
    1 on May 1st and 26th

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    13 When did you see him? last week
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    9 What did you drink? only tea

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    3 she, send us, messages
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us
    8 our dog, not eat that

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    5 School is beginning.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    4 He continued to read.
    3 Music started to play.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    1 He likes to play games.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    12 Go down this road.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    17 He should get other/another chance.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    4 You should your homework now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    8 How much money does he ?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    14 He it to her happy.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    6 Do you any sports?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 9438

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    3 What will you need?
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.