Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    7 It was nice meeting you.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    2 Take a look at this!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    8 We met several times.
    1 What are you watching?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    20 It feels great!
    13 Let's go shopping!

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    8 9,756,004
    3 246 people
    11 bus number 102
    7 35,785
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    12 phone number 670098883
    9 in the year 2015
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    10 in the 1980s
    6 0.05 seconds
    5 4.6,000,000

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    7 What did they want? more money
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    13 When did you see him? last week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    11 Were there any problems? lots of

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    2 She should tell them.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    4 He continued to read.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    2 They love to sing.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.
    12 Go down this road.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    14 He it to her happy.
    8 How much money does he ?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    4 You should your homework now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    6 Do you any sports?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    15 Stop fun of me!

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    6 Ideš s nami?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.