Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    2 Take a look at this!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    8 We met several times.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    20 It feels great!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    1 What are you watching?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    7 It was nice meeting you.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?
    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    11 He's got no children.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    6 0.05 seconds
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    11 bus number 102
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    5 4.6,000,000
    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    7 What did they want? more money
    13 When did you see him? last week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    6 There's too much water.
    1 He speaks English.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    6 she, sit between us
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    1 he, speak about it
    7 we, spend weekends abroad

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    4 She's making dinner.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    5 We love it when we go out.
    4 He continued to read.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    3 Music started to play.
    1 He likes to play games.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    3 It's just around the corner.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    2 You are among friends.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    12 Go down this road.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    4 I tried it many/much times.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    4 You should your homework now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    6 Do you any sports?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    14 He it to her happy.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    8 How much money does he ?
    15 Stop fun of me!

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    12 Idem nakupovať.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.