Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    8 We met several times.
    2 Take a look at this!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    1 What are you watching?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    20 It feels great!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    13 Let's go shopping!

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    3 Can they help us?
    6 Will you be there?
    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    7 Do they agree?
    2 Does he know?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    7 35,785
    8 9,756,004
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    3 246 people
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    6 0.05 seconds
    2 He was 52nd.
    9 in the year 2015
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    11 bus number 102

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    13 When did you see him? last week
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    7 What did they want? more money
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    8 There were more people.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money
    1 he, speak about it
    6 she, sit between us
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    5 We love it when we go out.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    3 Music started to play.
    1 He likes to play games.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    2 You are among friends.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    12 Go down this road.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    14 He it to her happy.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    4 You should your homework now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    8 How much money does he ?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    1 You are a big mistake!

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    2 What do people think?
    3 What will you need?
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.
    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.