Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    20 It feels great!
    1 What are you watching?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    2 Take a look at this!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    8 We met several times.
    14 She keeps talking about it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    3 Can they help us?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    11 He's got no children.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    3 246 people
    6 0.05 seconds
    7 35,785
    4 3,500
    2 He was 52nd.
    5 4.6,000,000
    11 bus number 102
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    10 in the 1980s
    12 phone number 670098883
    8 9,756,004
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    9 in the year 2015

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    7 What did they want? more money
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    9 What did you drink? only tea

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    10 We'll be able to come.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.
    8 There were more people.
    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us
    3 she, send us, messages
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    1 She's feeling good.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    3 Music started to play.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    2 They love to sing.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    2 You are among friends.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    10 I'm ready for anything.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    1 You are a big mistake!
    15 Stop fun of me!
    6 Do you any sports?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    14 He it to her happy.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    4 You should your homework now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.
    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    8 I'll come time.
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    5 Let's go somewhere .

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.