Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    8 We met several times.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    2 Take a look at this!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    20 It feels great!
    1 What are you watching?

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    2 Does he know?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    6 Only ten people came there.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.
    11 He's got no children.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    9 He goes there twice a week.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    5 4.6,000,000
    8 9,756,004
    7 35,785
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    9 in the year 2015
    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500
    11 bus number 102
    12 phone number 670098883
    3 246 people
    10 in the 1980s

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    7 What did they want? more money
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    3 I'm going to tell him.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    9 They could help us.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food
    10 the car, be, not expensive

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    3 Music started to play.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    2 They love to sing.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    5 The worst is behind us.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    2 You are among friends.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    3 It's just around the corner.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    4 I tried it many/much times.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    8 How much money does he ?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    4 You should your homework now.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    14 He it to her happy.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.
    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    6 Ideš s nami?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.