Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    19 That sounds interesting.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    2 Take a look at this!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    8 We met several times.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    1 What are you watching?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    20 It feels great!
    16 Shall we sit down?

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    11 He's got no children.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    1 on May 1st and 26th
    11 bus number 102
    12 phone number 670098883
    4 3,500
    3 246 people
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000
    9 in the year 2015
    2 He was 52nd.

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    13 When did you see him? last week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    9 What did you drink? only tea

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    8 There were more people.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    6 There's too much water.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    3 Music started to play.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    2 They love to sing.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    3 It's just around the corner.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    2 You are among friends.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    9 It should take only little/few time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    1 You are a big mistake!
    14 He it to her happy.
    8 How much money does he ?
    6 Do you any sports?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    4 You should your homework now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    9 Nobody knows that.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.