Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    9 Is this your first time here?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    2 Take a look at this!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    20 It feels great!
    13 Let's go shopping!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    8 We met several times.
    1 What are you watching?

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    4 Have you got any money?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    10 in the 1980s
    9 in the year 2015
    11 bus number 102
    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    3 246 people
    5 4.6,000,000
    7 35,785
    12 phone number 670098883
    4 3,500
    8 9,756,004
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    6 0.05 seconds

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    13 When did you see him? last week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    7 What did they want? more money
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    3 she, send us, messages
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    5 School is beginning.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    12 I can remember that he told her.
    4 He continued to read.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    3 Music started to play.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    1 He likes to play games.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    12 Go down this road.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    7 There were less/fewer people.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    6 Do you any sports?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    14 He it to her happy.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    4 You should your homework now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    8 How much money does he ?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    6 We will find some place.
    3 What will you need?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    8 I'll come time.
    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    12 Idem nakupovať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.