Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    20 It feels great!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    8 We met several times.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    1 What are you watching?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    19 That sounds interesting.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    5 Is she coming too?
    7 Do they agree?
    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    6 Will you be there?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    10 We got there at seven.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102
    3 246 people
    8 9,756,004
    4 3,500
    12 phone number 670098883
    10 in the 1980s
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    5 4.6,000,000
    7 35,785
    2 He was 52nd.

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    13 When did you see him? last week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    7 What did they want? more money
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    2 She should tell them.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    6 There's too much water.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    1 he, speak about it
    6 she, sit between us

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    2 They love to sing.
    1 He likes to play games.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    3 Music started to play.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    2 You are among friends.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    12 Go down this road.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    3 It's just around the corner.
    10 I'm ready for anything.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    3 She's dinner just now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    4 You should your homework now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    8 How much money does he ?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.