Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    18 There's no need to worry.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    20 It feels great!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    8 We met several times.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    1 What are you watching?

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    10 Am I right?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    5 Is she coming too?
    7 Do they agree?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    11 He's got no children.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    10 We got there at seven.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    1 I'm watching the news.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    6 0.05 seconds
    2 He was 52nd.
    11 bus number 102
    5 4.6,000,000
    10 in the 1980s
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    4 3,500
    8 9,756,004

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    7 What did they want? more money
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    13 When did you see him? last week
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    9 They could help us.
    8 There were more people.
    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    5 I, give him, the money
    1 he, speak about it
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    9 he, not like the food
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    10 I'm drinking beer.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    7 It should be easy to repair.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    1 He likes to play games.
    2 They love to sing.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    3 Music started to play.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    2 You are among friends.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    4 people aged between 30 and 50

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    14 He it to her happy.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    8 How much money does he ?
    4 You should your homework now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    1 You are a big mistake!

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.