Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    15 He doesn't care about her.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    2 Take a look at this!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    1 What are you watching?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    8 We met several times.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    20 It feels great!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    10 We got there at seven.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    11 He's got no children.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    3 246 people
    4 3,500
    12 phone number 670098883
    10 in the 1980s
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    8 9,756,004
    5 4.6,000,000
    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds
    2 He was 52nd.
    9 in the year 2015

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    10 the car, be, not expensive

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    12 I can remember that he told her.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    2 They love to sing.
    3 Music started to play.
    4 He continued to read.
    8 It will be hard to solve.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    5 The worst is behind us.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    12 Go down this road.
    2 You are among friends.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    4 You should your homework now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    8 How much money does he ?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    14 He it to her happy.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    6 Do you any sports?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    3 What will you need?
    4 What things do you like?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.