Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    7 It was nice meeting you.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    20 It feels great!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    8 We met several times.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    2 Take a look at this!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    1 What are you watching?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    2 Frank is coming too.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    11 He's got no children.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    1 on May 1st and 26th
    2 He was 52nd.
    10 in the 1980s
    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    4 3,500
    5 4.6,000,000
    8 9,756,004
    7 35,785
    3 246 people
    9 in the year 2015
    6 0.05 seconds

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    7 What did they want? more money
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    13 When did you see him? last week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    9 he, not like the food
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    4 He continued to read.
    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    12 Go down this road.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    3 It's just around the corner.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    2 You are among friends.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    6 That's too much/many money.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    14 He it to her happy.
    6 Do you any sports?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    8 How much money does he ?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    15 Stop fun of me!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    3 She's dinner just now.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    4 What things do you like?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.