Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    14 She keeps talking about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    1 What are you watching?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    8 We met several times.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    20 It feels great!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    2 Take a look at this!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    4 She knew nothing about it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    10 Am I right?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    1 I'm watching the news.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    11 He's got no children.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    8 9,756,004
    7 35,785
    4 3,500
    2 He was 52nd.
    3 246 people
    12 phone number 670098883
    10 in the 1980s
    6 0.05 seconds
    5 4.6,000,000
    9 in the year 2015
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    11 bus number 102
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    7 What did they want? more money
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    8 There were more people.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    9 he, not like the food
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    6 she, sit between us
    2 my parents, know
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    1 he, speak about it

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    1 She's feeling good.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    12 I can remember that he told her.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    4 He continued to read.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    4 You should your homework now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    8 How much money does he ?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    6 Do you any sports?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    17 Museli sme čakať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.