Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    16 I haven't bought it yet.
    3 She hasn't come yet.
    10 They haven't arrived yet.
    5 I've never been there.
    6 Have we met before?
    2 Have you seen it?
    8 I've just read it.
    9 We haven't met for months.
    1 Where have you been?
    14 I've changed my mind.
    17 What's happened?
    13 Have you decided yet?
    11 Have you eaten?
    15 He hasn't brought it yet.
    18 I've known him for years.
    7 Nobody has heard about it.
    4 Have you been here before?
    12 I've spoken with him.

    Naučte sa frázu I haven't seen you in ages! alebo I haven't seen you for ages! Zodpovedá slovenskému “Už som ťa strašne dlho nevidel.” ap. Obdobne možno použiť frázu I haven't heard from him for ages. - “Už sa mi neozval, ani nepamätám.”

    Exercise 2

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    • Napíšte vety, ktoré si vypočujete a infinitívy slovies použitých v predprítomnom čase.

    7
    2
    9
    3
    6
    5
    10
    4
    1
    8

    Exercise 3

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    • Doplňte vhodný tvar uvedeného slovesa podľa času.

    7 We've never be there.
    1 He's break his leg.
    8 I've tell him about it.
    6 I've hear about it.
    9 Have you send the e-mail?
    2 I haven't speak to him for weeks.
    4 I have see that film.
    5 They've leave already.
    10 I've buy some apples.
    3 She hasn't come yet.

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte položky emailu s ich prekladmi.

    • 1 Recipient
    • 2 Dear Sir/Madam
    • 3 Subject
    • 4 Find attached
    • 5 Please let me know asap.
    • 6 Please confirm receipt
    • 7 Looking forward to your reply
    • 8 Yours faithfully
    • a V prílohe nájdete
    • e S pozdravom
    • c Vážená pani / Vážený pán
    • g Dajte mi, prosím, vedieť čo najskôr.
    • h Predmet
    • f Teším sa na vašu odpoveď
    • b Prosím, potvrďte prijatie
    • d Príjemca

    Pri oslovovaní skupiny osôb (firmy ap.) možno použiť: Dear Sirs - “Vážení” ap. Ak chceme zohľadniť, že medzi adresátmi môžu byť aj ženy, možno napísať: Sirs/Madam. Ale pozor! Zvolanie: Oh dear! znamená údiv: Ježiši! alebo Pane Bože!

    Exercise 5

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    • Rozpíšte skrátené tvary na plné. Sústreďte sa na použitie be a have.

    1 What's new?
    11 He's coming too.
    9 There's been a lot of time.
    8 There's a problem.
    2 What's happened?
    7 I've told him.
    10 He's had three beers.
    6 She's still there.
    12 How's it going?
    4 Who's there?
    5 She's been there before.
    3 Who's done it?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte správne tvary do či make.

    10 It no sense.
    11 What sports do you ?
    6 Have you your homework?
    12 You've a mess of it!
    5 I'm my best.
    3 I the shopping yesterday.
    15 I need to a phone call.
    2 We have no mistakes.
    9 I have only 10 dollars. Will it ?
    7 How much money did she ?
    8 They've a lot of damage.
    4 I've some tea.
    14 He's great progress.
    1 Have you the cleaning?
    13 We can without them.

    Exercise 7

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    • Vyberte vhodné časti frázových slovies.

    3 We will get in/back/for to that later.
    8 I'll give you a ride. Get in/on/at the car!
    1 She has three kids. She must look at/after/forward them.
    10 Don't give up! Keep off/on/out trying.
    9 We have to check on/for/in at the hotel first.
    4 I'm looking for/after/forward to seeing you.
    7 I don't smoke. I've let/taken/given up smoking.
    6 I don't know, but I will find after/in/out.
    2 He's very angry. He should calm up/down/in.
    5 Can you pick me out/up/for at the airport?

    Exercise 8

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Would you like a sandwich?
    • 2 Is this your first time here?
    • 3 Have you spoken with him?
    • 4 Why isn't she coming?
    • 5 Do we have milk?
    • 6 Have you informed them?
    • 7 Why are you taking a taxi?
    • 8 Do you know this film?
    • e No, thanks. I've eaten.
    • f She's changed her mind.
    • g No, I've been here before.
    • c Our car has broken down.
    • b Yes, I've bought some.
    • h I've sent them an e-mail.
    • d Yes, I've seen it twice.
    • a Yes, he called an hour ago.

    Slovo before je v angličtine nielen predložka (pred), ale tiež príslovka znamenajúca (už) predtým, (už) skôr. Vyskytuje sa typicky na konci vety a často sa spája s predprítomným či predminulým časom. Napr.: I have never been here before. - “Ešte som tu nikdy nebol.”, It's happened before. - Už k tomu došlo skôr. ap.

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    5 Send it this address.
    8 I need to log , but I don't know the password.
    9 Stop doing it! I'm tired it.
    3 He hasn't replied my e-mail.
    1 She was tired. She's gone bed.
    4 She's gone out lunch.
    2 I haven't heard from him weeks.
    6 I don't smoke. I've given smoking.
    10 whom it may concern
    7 Please confirm receipt this message.

    Exercise 10

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    • Tvorte zo slov vety v predprítomnom čase.

    6
    you, do, the dishes?
    9
    She, speak, with him
    8
    why, you, come here?
    4
    I, make, dinner
    5
    They, not, send it
    2
    my parents, not arrive yet
    7
    He, not, find it
    1
    she, break, her arm
    3
    I, cut, myself

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu jednoduchý minulý alebo predprítomný čas.

    10 He not eat his breakfast this morning. He not eat for almost two days.
    6 She know about it, but she not go there yesterday.
    8 you watch the film last night? No, I not see it yet.
    4 I not see John last week.
    11 She promise to call, but she not call yet.
    5 I write to him a week ago, but he not reply yet.
    9 They spend the last week at the seaside, but I go to the mountains.
    3 She lose her key, but she find it already.
    7 I send 10 e-mails today, but I not send any yesterday.
    2 We meet a month ago, but I not speak with him since then.
    1 I was tired. I go to bed early.

    Jednoduchý minulý čas (past simple) je vymedzený konkrétnym časom alebo časovým úsekom v minulosti bez súvislosti s prítomnosťou, kým čas predprítomný (present perfect) svojím dejom nejako zasahuje z minulosti do prítomnosti, alebo hovorí, že daný časový úsek, v ktorom niečo nastalo alebo môže nastať, ešte nie je ukončený.

    Exercise 12

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo. Sústreďte sa na použité frázy.

    9 Did he get your message? – I don't know. He hasn't confirmed/cancelled/switched receipt yet.
    1 The radio is disturbing/interesting/cancelling me. Can you turn it off?
    3 I don't understand it. It doesn't give/do/make sense.
    2 The computer won't start. I think it's broken down/taken out/checked out.
    5 He hasn't made any promise/progress/problems. His English is still bad.
    7 We're going nowhere. I've refused/joined/cancelled our reservation.
    6 They haven't checked off/checked out/logged out of the hotel yet.
    4 She's arrived at the airport. I must get/pick/check her up.
    8 We'll do it ourselves. We can do with/without/after their help.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumiete vtipu?: Mother: Doctor, my son has eaten my pen! What can I do?... Doctor: Use a pencil!

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte vhodné frázové sloveso.

    6 I can't hear the radio. Can you it up?
    2 The computer is still on. He's forgotten to it off.
    1 I missed my stop. I forgot to off the bus.
    5 Keep trying! Don't up. You can do it.
    4 He can't wait for you to come. He's to seeing you.
    3 I didn't tell her, but she knows! How did she out?
    9 I'll be right with you. on a minute!
    8 I can't read it. I must on my glasses.
    7 I'm hot. I need to off my jacket.

    Zapamätajte si užitočnú frázu I'll be right with you. - “Hneď som pri vás.”

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte pomocou predprítomného času. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Už si to čítal? read, yet
    1 Nikdy v Londýne nebol. to
    8 Už je to dlho. long time
    5 Zlomil si ruku. arm
    9 Už ste sa niekedy stretli? meet
    6 Poznám ho už 5 rokov. for 5 years
    2 Už odišla. leave
    10 Už ste jedli? eat
    4 Ešte som to nevidel. not, yet
    7 Ako dlho tu už si? how long

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte since, for, yet alebo already.

    2 Have you cleaned ?
    1 I've been here two hours.
    8 Are you leaving ? - Yes I have to go.
    3 I've done that .
    5 They haven't arrived .
    4 We've lived here last year.
    7 Are you ready? - Not .
    6 She's worked here five years.

    Exercise 16

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    6 Ešte som neskončil.
    11 Ešte to nenašiel.
    5 Poznám ho už roky.
    7 Ako dlho už tam pracuješ?
    10 Nikdy som tam nebol.
    4 Už si jej to povedal?
    8 Bývame tu od roku 1990.
    1 Už som jedol.
    9 Už odchádzate?
    2 Nič sa nezmenilo. (zatiaľ)
    3 Ešte to neposlal.
    12 Už? – Ešte nie!

    Rovnaký význam ako frázové slovesá turn on (zapnúť) a turn off (vypnúť) majú v angličtine switch on a switch off. Všimnite si, že sa v nich vyskytujú rovnaké predložky (častice). Samotné ON znamená zapnutý a OFF je vypnutý.