Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    4 He makes a lot of money.
    7 What is meant by that?
    12 They were fired.
    6 She applied for a job.
    10 This word is not used often.
    2 I work for myself.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    8 What is it called in English?
    3 I'm an employee.
    5 He started his own business.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    1 What do you do for a living?

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    1 Jane works for herself.
    8 John has already found a job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    6 Jack got the job.
    7 I make more money now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    2 Mark works on a computer.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    2 The house sell last week.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    4 To rád počujem. glad

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • g She lost her job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • h He's better off now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    1 They saw her there.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    9 You can eat it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    6 He promoted her.
    14 Our company employed him.
    5 They made him do it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    8 They gave us some money.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    3 She sent the message.
    13 They hired two employees.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    7 106
    2 3/4
    5 32
    12 3,650,500
    4 1/2
    6 53
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    1 2/3
    3 5/9
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    11 0.25

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    7 he, his jacket, wash
    4 he, fire her
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair
    2 my parents, new house, build
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut
    3 they, room, clean

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.