Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    5 He started his own business.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    7 What is meant by that?
    8 What is it called in English?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    3 I'm an employee.
    2 I work for myself.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    6 She applied for a job.
    10 This word is not used often.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    12 They were fired.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    8 John has already found a job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • h Hnevá ma to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    2 The house sell last week.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • h He's better off now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • g She lost her job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    9 You can eat it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    3 She sent the message.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    1 They saw her there.
    8 They gave us some money.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    2 Many workers use it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    5 They made him do it.
    6 He promoted her.
    14 Our company employed him.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    4 1/2
    6 53
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    7 106
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    1 2/3
    5 32
    3 5/9
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    11 0.25
    12 3,650,500
    2 3/4

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    3 they, room, clean
    4 he, fire her
    8 we, the table, make
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    1 I, car, repair
    2 my parents, new house, build
    6 she, hair, cut
    5 we, food, bring to our room

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    1 Čím sa živíte?
    4 Bol povýšený.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.