Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    12 They were fired.
    10 This word is not used often.
    8 What is it called in English?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    7 What is meant by that?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    6 She applied for a job.
    3 I'm an employee.
    5 He started his own business.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    2 I work for myself.
    1 What do you do for a living?

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    8 John has already found a job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    7 I make more money now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    8 This meat eat cooked.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    2 The house sell last week.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • h He's better off now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • g She lost her job.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    14 Our company employed him.
    13 They hired two employees.
    9 You can eat it.
    5 They made him do it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    6 He promoted her.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    8 They gave us some money.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    1 They saw her there.
    3 She sent the message.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    1 2/3
    6 53
    2 3/4
    12 3,650,500
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    3 5/9
    11 0.25
    4 1/2
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    7 106
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    5 32

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    7 he, his jacket, wash
    1 I, car, repair
    3 they, room, clean
    6 she, hair, cut
    8 we, the table, make
    2 my parents, new house, build
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    4 he, fire her

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    4 Bol povýšený.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    1 Čím sa živíte?

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.