Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    2 I work for myself.
    5 He started his own business.
    7 What is meant by that?
    10 This word is not used often.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    12 They were fired.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    6 She applied for a job.
    8 What is it called in English?
    3 I'm an employee.
    4 He makes a lot of money.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    8 John has already found a job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    7 I make more money now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    2 The house sell last week.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    4 To rád počujem. glad
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • g She lost her job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • h He's better off now.
    • a He's unemployed.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    9 You can eat it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    3 She sent the message.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    1 They saw her there.
    2 Many workers use it.
    6 He promoted her.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    5 They made him do it.
    8 They gave us some money.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    7 106
    2 3/4
    1 2/3
    11 0.25
    4 1/2
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    5 32
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    6 53
    3 5/9
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    12 3,650,500

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    1 I, car, repair
    3 they, room, clean
    2 my parents, new house, build
    4 he, fire her
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    6 she, hair, cut
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    8 we, the table, make

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    4 Bol povýšený.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.