Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    11 He's employed by our company.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    10 This word is not used often.
    5 He started his own business.
    2 I work for myself.
    7 What is meant by that?
    12 They were fired.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    3 I'm an employee.
    6 She applied for a job.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    8 What is it called in English?

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 Mark works on a computer.
    8 John has already found a job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    7 I make more money now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    2 The house sell last week.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • h He's better off now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • g She lost her job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • c He sent a job application.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    4 They got married. – They got .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    6 He promoted her.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    14 Our company employed him.
    8 They gave us some money.
    13 They hired two employees.
    2 Many workers use it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    1 They saw her there.
    5 They made him do it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    3 She sent the message.
    9 You can eat it.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    4 1/2
    1 2/3
    11 0.25
    12 3,650,500
    3 5/9
    6 53
    2 3/4
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    5 32
    7 106

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair
    6 she, hair, cut
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    8 we, the table, make
    2 my parents, new house, build
    4 he, fire her

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    1 Čím sa živíte?
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    4 Bol povýšený.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.