Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    5 He started his own business.
    6 She applied for a job.
    8 What is it called in English?
    12 They were fired.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    10 This word is not used often.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    7 What is meant by that?
    2 I work for myself.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    3 I'm an employee.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    8 John has already found a job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    6 Jack got the job.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • d Nelepší sa to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    8 This meat eat cooked.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    2 The house sell last week.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • h He's better off now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • g She lost her job.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    4 Someone told him to do it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    14 Our company employed him.
    8 They gave us some money.
    3 She sent the message.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    1 They saw her there.
    5 They made him do it.
    6 He promoted her.
    2 Many workers use it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    9 You can eat it.
    13 They hired two employees.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    1 2/3
    12 3,650,500
    11 0.25
    7 106
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    2 3/4
    6 53
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    5 32
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    4 1/2
    3 5/9

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    7 Preslávila sa. famous

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    1 I, car, repair
    8 we, the table, make
    3 they, room, clean
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    2 my parents, new house, build
    4 he, fire her
    6 she, hair, cut

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    3 Robím sám na seba.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.